*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of folk

Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *fulkazder. Proto-Germanic *fulką Proto-West Germanic *folk Old English folc Middle English folk English folk From Middle English folk, from Old English folc, from Proto-West Germanic *folk,

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
adj

Of or pertaining to the inhabitants of a land, their culture, tradition, or history. · Of or pertaining to common people as opposed to ruling classes or elites. · Of or related to local building materials and styles. · Believed or transmitted by the common people; not academically or ideologically correct or rigorous.

noun

A people; a tribe or nation; the inhabitants of a region, especially the native inhabitants. · People, persons. · One’s relatives, especially one’s parents. · Ellipsis of folk music.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *fulkazder. Proto-Germanic *fulką Proto-West Germanic *folk Old English folc Middle English folk English folk From Middle English folk, from Old English folc, from Proto-West Germanic *folk, from Proto-Germanic *fulką, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁-gós, from *pleh₁- (“to fill”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Foulk, West Frisian folk, Dutch volk, German Low German and German Volk, Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish folk, Faroese and Icelandic fólk. Doublet of volk.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*pleh₁-ine-pro
  • Inherited-form mentionfolkenm
  • Inherited-form mentionfolcang
  • Inherited-form mention*folkgmw-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*fulkągem-pro
  • Cognate mentionFoulkstq
  • Cognate mentionfolkfy
  • Cognate mentionvolknl
  • Doublet mentionvolken
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:folk",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *fulkazder.\nProto-Germanic *fulką\nProto-West Germanic *folk\nOld English folc\nMiddle English folk\nEnglish folk\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*fulkaz\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*fulką\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*folk\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"folc\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"folk\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"folk\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"folk\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pleh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "folk"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English folk"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "folc"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English folc"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*folk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *folk"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*fulką"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fulką"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*pl̥h₁-gós"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁-gós"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "Foulk"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Foulk"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "folk"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian folk"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "volk"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch volk"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nds-de, de",
        "2": "Volk"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German and German Volk"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da,nb,nn,sv",
        "2": "folk"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish folk"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fo, is",
        "2": "fólk"
      },
      "expansion": "Faroese and Icelandic fólk"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "volk"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of volk"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:folk",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *fulkazder.\nProto-Germanic *fulką\nProto-West Germanic *folk\nOld English folc\nMiddle English folk\nEnglish folk"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*fulkaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fulkaz"
    ],
    [
      "*fulką",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fulką"
    ],
    [
      "*folk",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/folk"
    ],
    [
      "folc",
      "folc#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "folk",
      "folk#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "folk",
      "folk#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "folc",
      "folc#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*folk",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/folk"
    ],
    [
      "*fulką",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fulką"
    ],
    [
      "*pleh₁-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pleh₁-"
    ],
    [
      "Foulk",
      "Foulk#Saterland_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "folk",
      "folk#West_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "volk",
      "volk#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "German Low German",
      "Volk#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "Volk",
      "Volk#German"
    ],
    [
      "Danish",
      "folk#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "folk#Norwegian_Bokmål"
    ],
    [
      "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "folk#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "folk",
      "folk#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "Faroese",
      "fólk#Faroese"
    ],
    [
      "fólk",
      "fólk#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "volk",
      "volk#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "adj",
      "glosses": [
        "Of or pertaining to the inhabitants of a land, their culture, tradition, or history.",
        "Of or pertaining to common people as opposed to ruling classes or elites.",
        "Of or related to local building materials and styles.",
        "Believed or transmitted by the common people; not academically or ideologically correct or rigorous."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
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    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A people; a tribe or nation; the inhabitants of a region, especially the native inhabitants.",
        "People, persons.",
        "One’s relatives, especially one’s parents.",
        "Ellipsis of folk music."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "countable",
        "collective",
        "plural",
        "uncountable",
        "usually",
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "ellipsis"
      ],
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  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
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    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for folk →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-Zm9saw