*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of fog

Origin uncertain; but probably of North Germanic origin. Probably either a back-formation from foggy (“covered with tall grass; thick, marshy”), from the earlier-attested fog (“tall grass”) (see below), or from or relate

3 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 3 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
verb

To become covered with or as if with fog. · To become obscured in condensation or water. · To become dim or obscure. · To make dim or obscure.

noun

A thick cloud that forms near the ground; the obscurity of such a cloud. · A mist or film clouding a surface. · A state of mind characterized by lethargy and confusion. · A silver deposit or other blur on a negative or developed photographic image.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Origin uncertain; but probably of North Germanic origin. Probably either a back-formation from foggy (“covered with tall grass; thick, marshy”), from the earlier-attested fog (“tall grass”) (see below), or from or related to Danish fog (“spray, shower, drift, storm”), related to Icelandic fok (“spray, any light thing tossed by the wind, snowdrift”), Icelandic fjúka (“to blow, drive”), from Proto-Germanic *feukaną (“to whisk, blow”), from Proto-Indo-European *pug- (“billow, bulge, drift”), from *pew-, *pow- (“to blow, drift, billow”), in which case related to German fauchen (“to hiss, spit, spray”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Borrowed-form mentionfogda · spray, shower, drift, storm
  • Cognate mentionfokis · spray, any light thing tossed by the wind, snowdrift
  • Cognate mentionfjúkais · to blow, drive
  • Derivation mention*feukanągem-pro · to whisk, blow
  • Derivation mention*pug-ine-pro · billow, bulge, drift
  • Cognate mentionfauchende · to hiss, spit, spray

This page abbreviates 6 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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      "args": {
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        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "uncertain"
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      "name": "der",
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      "expansion": "North Germanic"
    },
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      "name": "bor",
      "args": {
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        "3": "fog",
        "t": "spray, shower, drift, storm"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish fog (“spray, shower, drift, storm”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "fok",
        "t": "spray, any light thing tossed by the wind, snowdrift"
      },
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    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
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        "2": "fjúka",
        "t": "to blow, drive"
      },
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    },
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      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*feukaną",
        "t": "to whisk, blow"
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    },
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      },
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    },
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      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "fauchen",
        "t": "to hiss, spit, spray"
      },
      "expansion": "German fauchen (“to hiss, spit, spray”)"
    }
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      "foggy#English"
    ],
    [
      "fog",
      "fog#English"
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      "fog#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "fok",
      "fok#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "fjúka",
      "fjúka#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "*feukaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/feukaną"
    ],
    [
      "*pug-",
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    ],
    [
      "*pew-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pew-"
    ],
    [
      "*pow-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pow-"
    ],
    [
      "fauchen",
      "fauchen#German"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
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    {
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      "glosses": [
        "To become covered with or as if with fog.",
        "To become obscured in condensation or water.",
        "To become dim or obscure.",
        "To make dim or obscure."
      ],
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        "A state of mind characterized by lethargy and confusion.",
        "A silver deposit or other blur on a negative or developed photographic image."
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}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

A new growth of grass appearing on a field that has been mowed or grazed. · Tall and decaying grass left standing after the cutting or grazing season. · Moss.

verb

To pasture cattle on the fog (of), or aftergrass, of; to eat off the fog from (a field). · To become covered with the kind of grass called fog.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English fogge (“tall grass”), probably from Norwegian fogg (“tall, worthless grass”); compare Scots fog (“moss; lichen”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionfoggeenm
  • Cognate mentionfoggno
  • Cognate mentionfogsco · moss; lichen
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "fogge",
        "4": "",
        "5": "tall grass"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English fogge (“tall grass”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
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        "3": "",
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    },
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      "name": "cog",
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        "t": "moss; lichen"
      },
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    }
  ],
  "links": [
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    ],
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    ]
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  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
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        "A new growth of grass appearing on a field that has been mowed or grazed.",
        "Tall and decaying grass left standing after the cutting or grazing season.",
        "Moss."
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}

Source etymology 3

Original entry ↗
verb

To practice in a small or mean way; to pettifog.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Compare Old Dutch focker.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
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  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
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    {
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        "To practice in a small or mean way; to pettifog."
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for fog →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-Zm9n