*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of eye

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-der. Proto-Germanic *augô Proto-West Germanic *augā Old English ēage Middle English eye English eye From Middle English e, eye, eyghe, eyȝe, eȝhe, iȝe, ye, yhe, from Old English

3 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 3 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2

Original entry ↗
noun

An organ through which animals see (“perceive surroundings via light”). · The visual sense. · The iris of the eye, being of a specified colour. · Attention, notice.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-der. Proto-Germanic *augô Proto-West Germanic *augā Old English ēage Middle English eye English eye From Middle English e, eye, eyghe, eyȝe, eȝhe, iȝe, ye, yhe, from Old English ēage, ēge (“eye”), from Proto-West Germanic *augā, from Proto-Germanic *augô (“eye”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”). Related to ogle. Cognates Cognate with Yola iee (“eye”), Scots ee, eh (“eye”), North Frisian oog, uuch, uug (“eye”), Saterland Frisian Oge, Ooge (“eye”), West Frisian each (“eye”), Alemannic German, Bavarian Aug (“eye”), Central Franconian Au, Auch, Ooch (“eye”), Dutch oog (“eye”), German Aug, Auge (“eye”), Low German Auge, Oog (“eye”), Luxembourgish A (“eye”), Vilamovian aojg, aug, oüg (“eye”), Yiddish אויג (oyg, “eye”), Danish øje (“eye”), Elfdalian oga (“eye”), Faroese eyga (“eye”), Icelandic auga (“eye”), Norwegian Bokmål øye (“eye”), Norwegian Nynorsk aua, aue, auga, auge (“eye”), Scanian yva (“eye”), Swedish öga (“eye”), Crimean Gothic oeghene (“eyes”), Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉 (augō, “eye”), Estonian auk (“hole”), Finnish and Votic aukko (“hole”), Ingrian aukko, aukku (“hole”), Livonian ouk (“hole; hollow”). Other Indo-European cognates include Breton eneb (“inverse; face; honour”), Cornish enep (“face; exterior; surface”), Gaulish ops (“eye”), Old Irish enech (“face; front; honour”), Welsh wyneb (“face; front; cheek”), Latin oclus, oculus (“eye”), Ancient Greek ὄψ (óps, “eye; face”), Albanian sy (“eye”), Latgalian and Latvian acs (“eye”), Lithuanian and Samogitian akis (“eye”), Old Prussian ackis (“eye”), Belarusian во́ка (vóka, “eye”), Bulgarian and Macedonian око́ (okó, “eye”), Carpathian Rusyn, Russian, and Ukrainian о́ко (óko, “eye”), Czech, Polish, Slovak, and Slovene oko (“eye”), Kashubian òkò (“eye”), Lower Sorbian hoko, woko (“eye”), Polabian våťü (“eye”), Serbo-Croatian о̏ко, ȍko (“eye”), Silesian ôko (“eye”), Slovincian wôkô (“eye”), Upper Sorbian woko (“eye”), Armenian ակն (akn, “eye”), Northern Kurdish enî (“forehead”), Ashkun aċĩ (“eye”), Kamkata-viri ače, ačẽ, ači (“eye”), Prasuni ižī, ižĩ (“eye”), Tregami ac̣ĩ (“eye”), Waigali ačẽ (“eye”), Tocharian A ak (“eye”), Tocharian B ek (“eye”), Sanskrit अक्षि (akṣi, “eye”). The archaic plural form eyen is from Middle English eyen, from Old English ēaġan, nominative and accusative plural of ēaġe (“eye”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*h₃ekʷ-ine-pro
  • Inherited-form mentioneenm
  • Inherited-form mentionēageang
  • Inherited-form mention*augāgmw-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*augôgem-pro · eye
  • Derivation mention*h₃ekʷ-ine-pro · eye; to see
  • Cognate mentionieeyol · eye
  • Cognate mentioneesco
  • Cognate mentionoogfrr
  • Cognate mentionOgestq
  • Cognate mentioneachfy · eye
  • Cognate mentionAugbar · eye
  • Cognate mentionAugmw-cfr
  • Cognate mentionoognl · eye
  • Cognate mentionAugde
  • Cognate mentionAugends
  • Cognate mentionAlb · eye
  • Cognate mentionaojgwym
  • Cognate mentionאויגyi · eye
  • Cognate mentionøjeda · eye
  • Cognate mentionogaovd · eye
  • Cognate mentioneygafo · eye
  • Cognate mentionaugais · eye
  • Cognate mentionøyenb · eye
  • Cognate mentionauann
  • Cognate mentionyvagmq-scy · eye
  • Cognate mentionögasv · eye
  • Cognate mentionoeghenegme-cgo · eyes
  • Cognate mention𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉got · eye
  • Cognate mentionauket · hole
  • Cognate mentionaukkoizh
  • Cognate mentionoukliv · hole; hollow
  • Cognate mentionenebbr · inverse; face; honour
  • Cognate mentionenepkw · face; exterior; surface
  • Cognate mentionopscel-gau · eye
  • Cognate mentionenechsga · face; front; honour
  • Cognate mentionwynebcy · face; front; cheek
  • Cognate mentionoclusla
  • Cognate mentionὄψgrc · eye; face
  • Cognate mentionsysq · eye
  • Cognate mentionackisprg · eye
  • Cognate mentionво́каbe · eye
  • Cognate mentionòkòcsb · eye
  • Cognate mentionhokodsb
  • Cognate mentionvåťüpox · eye
  • Cognate mentionо̏коsh
  • Cognate mentionôkoszl · eye
  • Cognate mentionwôkôzlw-slv · eye
  • Cognate mentionwokohsb · eye
  • Cognate mentionակնhy · eye
  • Cognate mentionenîkmr · forehead
  • Cognate mentionaċĩask · eye
  • Cognate mentionačebsh
  • Cognate mentionižīprn
  • Cognate mentionac̣ĩtrm · eye
  • Cognate mentionačẽwbk · eye
  • Cognate mentionakxto · eye
  • Cognate mentionektxb · eye
  • Cognate mentionअक्षिsa · eye
  • Inherited-form mentioneyenenm
  • Inherited-form mentionēaġanang

This page abbreviates 25 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:eye<id:see>",
        "id": "see",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-der.\nProto-Germanic *augô\nProto-West Germanic *augā\nOld English ēage\nMiddle English eye\nEnglish eye\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃ekʷ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*augô\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*augā\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ēage\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"eye\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"eye\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"see\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"eye\" id=\"English:_see\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃ekʷ-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "e"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English e"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ēage"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ēage"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*augā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *augā"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*augô",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *augô (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃ekʷ-",
        "t": "eye; to see"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "col-top",
      "args": {
        "1": "2",
        "2": "cog"
      },
      "expansion": "Cognates"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "yol",
        "2": "iee",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Yola iee (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "ee"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots ee"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "frr",
        "2": "oog"
      },
      "expansion": "North Frisian oog"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "Oge"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Oge"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "each",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian each (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gsw",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Alemannic German"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "Aug",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Bavarian Aug (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "Au"
      },
      "expansion": "Central Franconian Au"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "oog",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch oog (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Aug"
      },
      "expansion": "German Aug"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "Auge"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German Auge"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "A",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Luxembourgish A (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "wym",
        "2": "aojg"
      },
      "expansion": "Vilamovian aojg"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "yi",
        "2": "אויג",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Yiddish אויג (oyg, “eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "øje",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish øje (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ovd",
        "2": "oga",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Elfdalian oga (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fo",
        "2": "eyga",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Faroese eyga (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "auga",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic auga (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "øye",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål øye (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "aua"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk aua"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-scy",
        "2": "yva",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Scanian yva (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "öga",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish öga (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gme-cgo",
        "2": "oeghene",
        "t": "eyes"
      },
      "expansion": "Crimean Gothic oeghene (“eyes”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉 (augō, “eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "auk",
        "t": "hole"
      },
      "expansion": "Estonian auk (“hole”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fi,vot",
        "2": "aukko",
        "t": "hole"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish and Votic aukko (“hole”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "izh",
        "2": "aukko"
      },
      "expansion": "Ingrian aukko"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "liv",
        "2": "ouk",
        "t": "hole; hollow"
      },
      "expansion": "Livonian ouk (“hole; hollow”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ine"
      },
      "expansion": "Indo-European"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "eneb",
        "t": "inverse; face; honour"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton eneb (“inverse; face; honour”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "enep",
        "t": "face; exterior; surface"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish enep (“face; exterior; surface”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-gau",
        "2": "ops",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Gaulish ops (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "enech",
        "t": "face; front; honour"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish enech (“face; front; honour”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wyneb",
        "t": "face; front; cheek"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh wyneb (“face; front; cheek”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "oclus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin oclus"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὄψ",
        "t": "eye; face",
        "id": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὄψ (óps, “eye; face”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "sy",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian sy (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ltg,lv",
        "2": "acs",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Latgalian and Latvian acs (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "lt,sgs",
        "2": "akis",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian and Samogitian akis (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "ackis",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian ackis (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "be",
        "2": "во́ка",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Belarusian во́ка (vóka, “eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "bg,mk",
        "2": "око́",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgarian and Macedonian око́ (okó, “eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "rue,ru,uk",
        "2": "о́ко",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn, Russian, and Ukrainian о́ко (óko, “eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "cs,pl,sk,sl",
        "2": "oko",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech, Polish, Slovak, and Slovene oko (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "csb",
        "2": "òkò",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Kashubian òkò (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "dsb",
        "2": "hoko"
      },
      "expansion": "Lower Sorbian hoko"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "pox",
        "2": "våťü",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Polabian våťü (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "о̏ко"
      },
      "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian о̏ко"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "szl",
        "2": "ôko",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Silesian ôko (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-slv",
        "2": "wôkô",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Slovincian wôkô (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "hsb",
        "2": "woko",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Upper Sorbian woko (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "ակն",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Armenian ակն (akn, “eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "enî",
        "t": "forehead"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Kurdish enî (“forehead”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ask",
        "2": "aċĩ",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Ashkun aċĩ (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "bsh",
        "2": "ače"
      },
      "expansion": "Kamkata-viri ače"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "prn",
        "2": "ižī"
      },
      "expansion": "Prasuni ižī"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "trm",
        "2": "ac̣ĩ",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Tregami ac̣ĩ (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "wbk",
        "2": "ačẽ",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Waigali ačẽ (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "ak",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian A ak (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "ek",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian B ek (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "अक्षि",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit अक्षि (akṣi, “eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "eyen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English eyen"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ēaġan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ēaġan"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:eye<id:see>",
        "id": "see",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-der.\nProto-Germanic *augô\nProto-West Germanic *augā\nOld English ēage\nMiddle English eye\nEnglish eye"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*h₃ekʷ-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃ekʷ-"
    ],
    [
      "*augô",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/augô"
    ],
    [
      "*augā",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/augā"
    ],
    [
      "ēage",
      "eage#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "eye",
      "eye#Middle_English:_see"
    ],
    [
      "e",
      "e#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "eye",
      "eye#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "eyghe",
      "eyghe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "eyȝe",
      "eyȝe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "eȝhe",
      "eȝhe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "iȝe",
      "iȝe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "ye",
      "ye#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "yhe",
      "yhe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "ēage",
      "eage#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "ēge",
      "ege#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*augā",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/augā"
    ],
    [
      "*augô",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/augô"
    ],
    [
      "*h₃ekʷ-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃ekʷ-"
    ],
    [
      "ogle",
      "ogle"
    ],
    [
      "iee",
      "iee#Yola"
    ],
    [
      "ee",
      "ee#Scots"
    ],
    [
      "eh",
      "eh#Scots"
    ],
    [
      "oog",
      "oog#North_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "uuch",
      "uuch#North_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "uug",
      "uug#North_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "Oge",
      "Oge#Saterland_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "Ooge",
      "Ooge#Saterland_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "each",
      "each#West_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "Aug",
      "Aug#Bavarian"
    ],
    [
      "Au",
      "Au#Central_Franconian"
    ],
    [
      "Auch",
      "Auch#Central_Franconian"
    ],
    [
      "Ooch",
      "Ooch#Central_Franconian"
    ],
    [
      "oog",
      "oog#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "Aug",
      "Aug#German"
    ],
    [
      "Auge",
      "Auge#German"
    ],
    [
      "Auge",
      "Auge#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "Oog",
      "Oog#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "A",
      "A#Luxembourgish"
    ],
    [
      "aojg",
      "aojg#Vilamovian"
    ],
    [
      "aug",
      "aug#Vilamovian"
    ],
    [
      "oüg",
      "oüg#Vilamovian"
    ],
    [
      "אויג",
      "אויג#Yiddish"
    ],
    [
      "øje",
      "øje#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "oga",
      "oga#Elfdalian"
    ],
    [
      "eyga",
      "eyga#Faroese"
    ],
    [
      "auga",
      "auga#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "øye",
      "øye#Norwegian_Bokmål"
    ],
    [
      "aua",
      "aua#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "aue",
      "aue#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "auga",
      "auga#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "auge",
      "auge#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "yva",
      "yva#Scanian"
    ],
    [
      "öga",
      "öga#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "oeghene",
      "oeghene#Crimean_Gothic"
    ],
    [
      "𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉",
      "𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉#Gothic"
    ],
    [
      "auk",
      "auk#Estonian"
    ],
    [
      "Finnish",
      "aukko#Finnish"
    ],
    [
      "aukko",
      "aukko#Votic"
    ],
    [
      "aukko",
      "aukko#Ingrian"
    ],
    [
      "aukku",
      "aukku#Ingrian"
    ],
    [
      "ouk",
      "ouk#Livonian"
    ],
    [
      "eneb",
      "eneb#Breton"
    ],
    [
      "enep",
      "enep#Cornish"
    ],
    [
      "ops",
      "ops#Gaulish"
    ],
    [
      "enech",
      "enech#Old_Irish"
    ],
    [
      "wyneb",
      "wyneb#Welsh"
    ],
    [
      "oclus",
      "oclus#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "oculus",
      "oculus#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "ὄψ",
      "ὄψ#Ancient_Greek:_eye"
    ],
    [
      "sy",
      "sy#Albanian"
    ],
    [
      "Latgalian",
      "acs#Latgalian"
    ],
    [
      "acs",
      "acs#Latvian"
    ],
    [
      "Lithuanian",
      "akis#Lithuanian"
    ],
    [
      "akis",
      "akis#Samogitian"
    ],
    [
      "ackis",
      "ackis#Old_Prussian"
    ],
    [
      "во́ка",
      "вока#Belarusian"
    ],
    [
      "Bulgarian",
      "око#Bulgarian"
    ],
    [
      "око́",
      "око#Macedonian"
    ],
    [
      "Carpathian Rusyn",
      "око#Carpathian_Rusyn"
    ],
    [
      "Russian",
      "око#Russian"
    ],
    [
      "о́ко",
      "око#Ukrainian"
    ],
    [
      "Czech",
      "oko#Czech"
    ],
    [
      "Polish",
      "oko#Polish"
    ],
    [
      "Slovak",
      "oko#Slovak"
    ],
    [
      "oko",
      "oko#Slovene"
    ],
    [
      "òkò",
      "òkò#Kashubian"
    ],
    [
      "hoko",
      "hoko#Lower_Sorbian"
    ],
    [
      "woko",
      "woko#Lower_Sorbian"
    ],
    [
      "våťü",
      "våťü#Polabian"
    ],
    [
      "о̏ко",
      "око#Serbo-Croatian"
    ],
    [
      "ȍko",
      "oko#Serbo-Croatian"
    ],
    [
      "ôko",
      "ôko#Silesian"
    ],
    [
      "wôkô",
      "wôkô#Slovincian"
    ],
    [
      "woko",
      "woko#Upper_Sorbian"
    ],
    [
      "ակն",
      "ակն#Armenian"
    ],
    [
      "enî",
      "enî#Northern_Kurdish"
    ],
    [
      "aċĩ",
      "aċĩ#Ashkun"
    ],
    [
      "ače",
      "ače#Kamkata-viri"
    ],
    [
      "ačẽ",
      "ačẽ#Kamkata-viri"
    ],
    [
      "ači",
      "ači#Kamkata-viri"
    ],
    [
      "ižī",
      "ižī#Prasuni"
    ],
    [
      "ižĩ",
      "ižĩ#Prasuni"
    ],
    [
      "ac̣ĩ",
      "ac̣ĩ#Tregami"
    ],
    [
      "ačẽ",
      "ačẽ#Waigali"
    ],
    [
      "ak",
      "ak#Tocharian_A"
    ],
    [
      "ek",
      "ek#Tocharian_B"
    ],
    [
      "अक्षि",
      "अक्षि#Sanskrit"
    ],
    [
      "eyen",
      "eyen#English"
    ],
    [
      "eyen",
      "eyen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "ēaġan",
      "eagan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "ēaġe",
      "eage#Old_English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Bislama",
      "lang_code": "bi",
      "word": "ae"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Pijin",
      "lang_code": "pis",
      "word": "ae"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sranan Tongo",
      "lang_code": "srn",
      "word": "ai"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Tok Pisin",
      "lang_code": "tpi",
      "word": "ai"
    }
  ],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "An organ through which animals see (“perceive surroundings via light”).",
        "The visual sense.",
        "The iris of the eye, being of a specified colour.",
        "Attention, notice."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "d5b67229967f50e49d143bdf2505868a2e712559e0e73ffbf0790274c322534b",
      "rawRecordSha256": "ade31b655f52cec72ad39fae56f1cec377592f0b9bac92b3ca76dd001b76b3d9",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 23147
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 25,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 1 · variant 2/2

Original entry ↗
verb

To carefully or appraisingly observe (someone or something). · To consider. · To appear; to look. · To remove the reproductive buds from (potatoes).

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-der. Proto-Germanic *augô Proto-West Germanic *augā Old English ēage Middle English eye English eye From Middle English e, eye, eyghe, eyȝe, eȝhe, iȝe, ye, yhe, from Old English ēage, ēge (“eye”), from Proto-West Germanic *augā, from Proto-Germanic *augô (“eye”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”). Related to ogle. Cognates Cognate with Yola iee (“eye”), Scots ee, eh (“eye”), North Frisian oog, uuch, uug (“eye”), Saterland Frisian Oge, Ooge (“eye”), West Frisian each (“eye”), Alemannic German, Bavarian Aug (“eye”), Central Franconian Au, Auch, Ooch (“eye”), Dutch oog (“eye”), German Aug, Auge (“eye”), Low German Auge, Oog (“eye”), Luxembourgish A (“eye”), Vilamovian aojg, aug, oüg (“eye”), Yiddish אויג (oyg, “eye”), Danish øje (“eye”), Elfdalian oga (“eye”), Faroese eyga (“eye”), Icelandic auga (“eye”), Norwegian Bokmål øye (“eye”), Norwegian Nynorsk aua, aue, auga, auge (“eye”), Scanian yva (“eye”), Swedish öga (“eye”), Crimean Gothic oeghene (“eyes”), Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉 (augō, “eye”), Estonian auk (“hole”), Finnish and Votic aukko (“hole”), Ingrian aukko, aukku (“hole”), Livonian ouk (“hole; hollow”). Other Indo-European cognates include Breton eneb (“inverse; face; honour”), Cornish enep (“face; exterior; surface”), Gaulish ops (“eye”), Old Irish enech (“face; front; honour”), Welsh wyneb (“face; front; cheek”), Latin oclus, oculus (“eye”), Ancient Greek ὄψ (óps, “eye; face”), Albanian sy (“eye”), Latgalian and Latvian acs (“eye”), Lithuanian and Samogitian akis (“eye”), Old Prussian ackis (“eye”), Belarusian во́ка (vóka, “eye”), Bulgarian and Macedonian око́ (okó, “eye”), Carpathian Rusyn, Russian, and Ukrainian о́ко (óko, “eye”), Czech, Polish, Slovak, and Slovene oko (“eye”), Kashubian òkò (“eye”), Lower Sorbian hoko, woko (“eye”), Polabian våťü (“eye”), Serbo-Croatian о̏ко, ȍko (“eye”), Silesian ôko (“eye”), Slovincian wôkô (“eye”), Upper Sorbian woko (“eye”), Armenian ակն (akn, “eye”), Northern Kurdish enî (“forehead”), Ashkun aċĩ (“eye”), Kamkata-viri ače, ačẽ, ači (“eye”), Prasuni ižī, ižĩ (“eye”), Tregami ac̣ĩ (“eye”), Waigali ačẽ (“eye”), Tocharian A ak (“eye”), Tocharian B ek (“eye”), Sanskrit अक्षि (akṣi, “eye”). The archaic plural form eyen is from Middle English eyen, from Old English ēaġan, nominative and accusative plural of ēaġe (“eye”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*h₃ekʷ-ine-pro
  • Inherited-form mentioneenm
  • Inherited-form mentionēageang
  • Inherited-form mention*augāgmw-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*augôgem-pro · eye
  • Derivation mention*h₃ekʷ-ine-pro · eye; to see
  • Cognate mentionieeyol · eye
  • Cognate mentioneesco
  • Cognate mentionoogfrr
  • Cognate mentionOgestq
  • Cognate mentioneachfy · eye
  • Cognate mentionAugbar · eye
  • Cognate mentionAugmw-cfr
  • Cognate mentionoognl · eye
  • Cognate mentionAugde
  • Cognate mentionAugends
  • Cognate mentionAlb · eye
  • Cognate mentionaojgwym
  • Cognate mentionאויגyi · eye
  • Cognate mentionøjeda · eye
  • Cognate mentionogaovd · eye
  • Cognate mentioneygafo · eye
  • Cognate mentionaugais · eye
  • Cognate mentionøyenb · eye
  • Cognate mentionauann
  • Cognate mentionyvagmq-scy · eye
  • Cognate mentionögasv · eye
  • Cognate mentionoeghenegme-cgo · eyes
  • Cognate mention𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉got · eye
  • Cognate mentionauket · hole
  • Cognate mentionaukkoizh
  • Cognate mentionoukliv · hole; hollow
  • Cognate mentionenebbr · inverse; face; honour
  • Cognate mentionenepkw · face; exterior; surface
  • Cognate mentionopscel-gau · eye
  • Cognate mentionenechsga · face; front; honour
  • Cognate mentionwynebcy · face; front; cheek
  • Cognate mentionoclusla
  • Cognate mentionὄψgrc · eye; face
  • Cognate mentionsysq · eye
  • Cognate mentionackisprg · eye
  • Cognate mentionво́каbe · eye
  • Cognate mentionòkòcsb · eye
  • Cognate mentionhokodsb
  • Cognate mentionvåťüpox · eye
  • Cognate mentionо̏коsh
  • Cognate mentionôkoszl · eye
  • Cognate mentionwôkôzlw-slv · eye
  • Cognate mentionwokohsb · eye
  • Cognate mentionակնhy · eye
  • Cognate mentionenîkmr · forehead
  • Cognate mentionaċĩask · eye
  • Cognate mentionačebsh
  • Cognate mentionižīprn
  • Cognate mentionac̣ĩtrm · eye
  • Cognate mentionačẽwbk · eye
  • Cognate mentionakxto · eye
  • Cognate mentionektxb · eye
  • Cognate mentionअक्षिsa · eye
  • Inherited-form mentioneyenenm
  • Inherited-form mentionēaġanang

This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:eye<id:see>",
        "id": "see",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-der.\nProto-Germanic *augô\nProto-West Germanic *augā\nOld English ēage\nMiddle English eye\nEnglish eye\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃ekʷ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*augô\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*augā\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ēage\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"eye\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"eye\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"see\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"eye\" id=\"English:_see\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃ekʷ-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "e"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English e"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ēage"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ēage"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*augā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *augā"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*augô",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *augô (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃ekʷ-",
        "t": "eye; to see"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "col-top",
      "args": {
        "1": "2",
        "2": "cog"
      },
      "expansion": "Cognates"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "yol",
        "2": "iee",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Yola iee (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "ee"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots ee"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "frr",
        "2": "oog"
      },
      "expansion": "North Frisian oog"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "Oge"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Oge"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "each",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian each (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gsw",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Alemannic German"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "Aug",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Bavarian Aug (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "Au"
      },
      "expansion": "Central Franconian Au"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "oog",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch oog (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Aug"
      },
      "expansion": "German Aug"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "Auge"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German Auge"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "A",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Luxembourgish A (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "wym",
        "2": "aojg"
      },
      "expansion": "Vilamovian aojg"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "yi",
        "2": "אויג",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Yiddish אויג (oyg, “eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "øje",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish øje (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ovd",
        "2": "oga",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Elfdalian oga (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fo",
        "2": "eyga",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Faroese eyga (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "auga",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic auga (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "øye",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål øye (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "aua"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk aua"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-scy",
        "2": "yva",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Scanian yva (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "öga",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish öga (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gme-cgo",
        "2": "oeghene",
        "t": "eyes"
      },
      "expansion": "Crimean Gothic oeghene (“eyes”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉 (augō, “eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "auk",
        "t": "hole"
      },
      "expansion": "Estonian auk (“hole”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fi,vot",
        "2": "aukko",
        "t": "hole"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish and Votic aukko (“hole”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "izh",
        "2": "aukko"
      },
      "expansion": "Ingrian aukko"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "liv",
        "2": "ouk",
        "t": "hole; hollow"
      },
      "expansion": "Livonian ouk (“hole; hollow”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ine"
      },
      "expansion": "Indo-European"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "eneb",
        "t": "inverse; face; honour"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton eneb (“inverse; face; honour”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "enep",
        "t": "face; exterior; surface"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish enep (“face; exterior; surface”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-gau",
        "2": "ops",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Gaulish ops (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "enech",
        "t": "face; front; honour"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish enech (“face; front; honour”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wyneb",
        "t": "face; front; cheek"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh wyneb (“face; front; cheek”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "oclus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin oclus"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὄψ",
        "t": "eye; face",
        "id": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὄψ (óps, “eye; face”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "sy",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian sy (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ltg,lv",
        "2": "acs",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Latgalian and Latvian acs (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "lt,sgs",
        "2": "akis",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian and Samogitian akis (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "ackis",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian ackis (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "be",
        "2": "во́ка",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Belarusian во́ка (vóka, “eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "bg,mk",
        "2": "око́",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgarian and Macedonian око́ (okó, “eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "rue,ru,uk",
        "2": "о́ко",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn, Russian, and Ukrainian о́ко (óko, “eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "cs,pl,sk,sl",
        "2": "oko",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech, Polish, Slovak, and Slovene oko (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "csb",
        "2": "òkò",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Kashubian òkò (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "dsb",
        "2": "hoko"
      },
      "expansion": "Lower Sorbian hoko"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "pox",
        "2": "våťü",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Polabian våťü (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "о̏ко"
      },
      "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian о̏ко"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "szl",
        "2": "ôko",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Silesian ôko (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-slv",
        "2": "wôkô",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Slovincian wôkô (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "hsb",
        "2": "woko",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Upper Sorbian woko (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "ակն",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Armenian ակն (akn, “eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "enî",
        "t": "forehead"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Kurdish enî (“forehead”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ask",
        "2": "aċĩ",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Ashkun aċĩ (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "bsh",
        "2": "ače"
      },
      "expansion": "Kamkata-viri ače"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "prn",
        "2": "ižī"
      },
      "expansion": "Prasuni ižī"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "trm",
        "2": "ac̣ĩ",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Tregami ac̣ĩ (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "wbk",
        "2": "ačẽ",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Waigali ačẽ (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "ak",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian A ak (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "ek",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian B ek (“eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "अक्षि",
        "t": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit अक्षि (akṣi, “eye”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "eyen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English eyen"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ēaġan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ēaġan"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:eye<id:see>",
        "id": "see",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-der.\nProto-Germanic *augô\nProto-West Germanic *augā\nOld English ēage\nMiddle English eye\nEnglish eye"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*h₃ekʷ-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃ekʷ-"
    ],
    [
      "*augô",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/augô"
    ],
    [
      "*augā",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/augā"
    ],
    [
      "ēage",
      "eage#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "eye",
      "eye#Middle_English:_see"
    ],
    [
      "e",
      "e#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "eye",
      "eye#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "eyghe",
      "eyghe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "eyȝe",
      "eyȝe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "eȝhe",
      "eȝhe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "iȝe",
      "iȝe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "ye",
      "ye#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "yhe",
      "yhe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "ēage",
      "eage#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "ēge",
      "ege#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*augā",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/augā"
    ],
    [
      "*augô",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/augô"
    ],
    [
      "*h₃ekʷ-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃ekʷ-"
    ],
    [
      "ogle",
      "ogle"
    ],
    [
      "iee",
      "iee#Yola"
    ],
    [
      "ee",
      "ee#Scots"
    ],
    [
      "eh",
      "eh#Scots"
    ],
    [
      "oog",
      "oog#North_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "uuch",
      "uuch#North_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "uug",
      "uug#North_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "Oge",
      "Oge#Saterland_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "Ooge",
      "Ooge#Saterland_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "each",
      "each#West_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "Aug",
      "Aug#Bavarian"
    ],
    [
      "Au",
      "Au#Central_Franconian"
    ],
    [
      "Auch",
      "Auch#Central_Franconian"
    ],
    [
      "Ooch",
      "Ooch#Central_Franconian"
    ],
    [
      "oog",
      "oog#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "Aug",
      "Aug#German"
    ],
    [
      "Auge",
      "Auge#German"
    ],
    [
      "Auge",
      "Auge#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "Oog",
      "Oog#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "A",
      "A#Luxembourgish"
    ],
    [
      "aojg",
      "aojg#Vilamovian"
    ],
    [
      "aug",
      "aug#Vilamovian"
    ],
    [
      "oüg",
      "oüg#Vilamovian"
    ],
    [
      "אויג",
      "אויג#Yiddish"
    ],
    [
      "øje",
      "øje#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "oga",
      "oga#Elfdalian"
    ],
    [
      "eyga",
      "eyga#Faroese"
    ],
    [
      "auga",
      "auga#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "øye",
      "øye#Norwegian_Bokmål"
    ],
    [
      "aua",
      "aua#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "aue",
      "aue#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "auga",
      "auga#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "auge",
      "auge#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "yva",
      "yva#Scanian"
    ],
    [
      "öga",
      "öga#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "oeghene",
      "oeghene#Crimean_Gothic"
    ],
    [
      "𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉",
      "𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉#Gothic"
    ],
    [
      "auk",
      "auk#Estonian"
    ],
    [
      "Finnish",
      "aukko#Finnish"
    ],
    [
      "aukko",
      "aukko#Votic"
    ],
    [
      "aukko",
      "aukko#Ingrian"
    ],
    [
      "aukku",
      "aukku#Ingrian"
    ],
    [
      "ouk",
      "ouk#Livonian"
    ],
    [
      "eneb",
      "eneb#Breton"
    ],
    [
      "enep",
      "enep#Cornish"
    ],
    [
      "ops",
      "ops#Gaulish"
    ],
    [
      "enech",
      "enech#Old_Irish"
    ],
    [
      "wyneb",
      "wyneb#Welsh"
    ],
    [
      "oclus",
      "oclus#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "oculus",
      "oculus#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "ὄψ",
      "ὄψ#Ancient_Greek:_eye"
    ],
    [
      "sy",
      "sy#Albanian"
    ],
    [
      "Latgalian",
      "acs#Latgalian"
    ],
    [
      "acs",
      "acs#Latvian"
    ],
    [
      "Lithuanian",
      "akis#Lithuanian"
    ],
    [
      "akis",
      "akis#Samogitian"
    ],
    [
      "ackis",
      "ackis#Old_Prussian"
    ],
    [
      "во́ка",
      "вока#Belarusian"
    ],
    [
      "Bulgarian",
      "око#Bulgarian"
    ],
    [
      "око́",
      "око#Macedonian"
    ],
    [
      "Carpathian Rusyn",
      "око#Carpathian_Rusyn"
    ],
    [
      "Russian",
      "око#Russian"
    ],
    [
      "о́ко",
      "око#Ukrainian"
    ],
    [
      "Czech",
      "oko#Czech"
    ],
    [
      "Polish",
      "oko#Polish"
    ],
    [
      "Slovak",
      "oko#Slovak"
    ],
    [
      "oko",
      "oko#Slovene"
    ],
    [
      "òkò",
      "òkò#Kashubian"
    ],
    [
      "hoko",
      "hoko#Lower_Sorbian"
    ],
    [
      "woko",
      "woko#Lower_Sorbian"
    ],
    [
      "våťü",
      "våťü#Polabian"
    ],
    [
      "о̏ко",
      "око#Serbo-Croatian"
    ],
    [
      "ȍko",
      "oko#Serbo-Croatian"
    ],
    [
      "ôko",
      "ôko#Silesian"
    ],
    [
      "wôkô",
      "wôkô#Slovincian"
    ],
    [
      "woko",
      "woko#Upper_Sorbian"
    ],
    [
      "ակն",
      "ակն#Armenian"
    ],
    [
      "enî",
      "enî#Northern_Kurdish"
    ],
    [
      "aċĩ",
      "aċĩ#Ashkun"
    ],
    [
      "ače",
      "ače#Kamkata-viri"
    ],
    [
      "ačẽ",
      "ačẽ#Kamkata-viri"
    ],
    [
      "ači",
      "ači#Kamkata-viri"
    ],
    [
      "ižī",
      "ižī#Prasuni"
    ],
    [
      "ižĩ",
      "ižĩ#Prasuni"
    ],
    [
      "ac̣ĩ",
      "ac̣ĩ#Tregami"
    ],
    [
      "ačẽ",
      "ačẽ#Waigali"
    ],
    [
      "ak",
      "ak#Tocharian_A"
    ],
    [
      "ek",
      "ek#Tocharian_B"
    ],
    [
      "अक्षि",
      "अक्षि#Sanskrit"
    ],
    [
      "eyen",
      "eyen#English"
    ],
    [
      "eyen",
      "eyen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "ēaġan",
      "eagan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "ēaġe",
      "eage#Old_English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To carefully or appraisingly observe (someone or something).",
        "To consider.",
        "To appear; to look.",
        "To remove the reproductive buds from (potatoes)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive",
        "intransitive",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "recordId": "f3be093ee3a9165d5d487891204beb88ee377be27068dbfdbe428c330eca5e02",
      "rawRecordSha256": "1ff7cd6efa0000b608e19ba2f1886c0268be40e2c0eecf96920e5761713b61ba",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 23148
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
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    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 1,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 3

Original entry ↗
noun

A brood.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Probably from rebracketing of a nye as an eye.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [],
  "links": [
    [
      "nye",
      "nye#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A brood."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "42bb0dcb1fc03a7b6f5a204502720651140434c5d89126255757f2943afac669",
      "rawRecordSha256": "8c4ddb34a8f98bf8ea321f096c71836076dbf43b7f03ac2ec07728882a34bbcd",
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  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for eye →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-ZXll