*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of even-

From Middle English even-, efen-, from Old English efn- (“equal, fellow-, co-”), from Proto-West Germanic *ebna- (“like-, level, equal-”, prefix/combining form), from Proto-Germanic *ebnaz (“equal, even”); same as Old En

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The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
prefix

Even in number, not odd. · Uniform, evenly in quantity.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English even-, efen-, from Old English efn- (“equal, fellow-, co-”), from Proto-West Germanic *ebna- (“like-, level, equal-”, prefix/combining form), from Proto-Germanic *ebnaz (“equal, even”); same as Old English efn (“equal, even, level”). More at even. Cognate with Scots evin- (“equal-”), Old Frisian ivin-, evn- (“even-”), Dutch even-, Old High German eban- (“even-”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentioneven-enm
  • Inherited-form mentionefn-ang · equal, fellow-, co-
  • Inherited-form mention*ebna-gmw-pro · like-, level, equal-
  • Derivation mention*ebnazgem-pro · equal, even
  • Cognate mentionefnang · equal, even, level
  • Cognate mentionevin-sco · equal-
  • Cognate mentionivin-ofs
  • Cognate mentioneven-nl
  • Cognate mentioneban-goh · even-
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "even-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English even-"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "efn-",
        "t": "equal, fellow-, co-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English efn- (“equal, fellow-, co-”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*ebna-",
        "t": "like-, level, equal-",
        "pos": "prefix/combining form"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ebna- (“like-, level, equal-”, prefix/combining form)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ebnaz",
        "t": "equal, even"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ebnaz (“equal, even”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "efn",
        "t": "equal, even, level"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English efn (“equal, even, level”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "evin-",
        "t": "equal-"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots evin- (“equal-”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "ivin-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian ivin-"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "even-"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch even-"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "eban-",
        "t": "even-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German eban- (“even-”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "even-",
      "even-#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "efen-",
      "efen-#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "efn-",
      "efn-#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*ebna-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/ebna-"
    ],
    [
      "*ebnaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ebnaz"
    ],
    [
      "efn",
      "efn#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "even",
      "even#English"
    ],
    [
      "evin-",
      "evin-#Scots"
    ],
    [
      "ivin-",
      "ivin-#Old_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "evn-",
      "evn-#Old_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "even-",
      "even-#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "eban-",
      "eban-#Old_High_German"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "prefix",
      "glosses": [
        "Even in number, not odd.",
        "Uniform, evenly in quantity."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "recordId": "e113f6ff0634fb759c64649b22eb9467d136f61e283dcea281faa9ca2dba4f31",
      "rawRecordSha256": "06b253d122fb8673b15705b8bd56fd07e05f6a768bf68d4e7851340884763d9e",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 3633778
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for even- →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-ZXZlbi0