Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA compound most often formed by the condensation of an alcohol and an acid, with elimination of water, which contains the functional group carbon-oxygen double bond (i.e., carbonyl) joined via carbon to another oxygen atom.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱéh₁yeti Proto-Italic *akēō Latin aceō Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti Proto-Italic *-skō Latin -scō Latin acēscō Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Italic *-tos Latin -tus Latin acētumbor. Proto-West Germanic *aket Proto-West Germanic *atek Old High German eȥȥih Middle High German eȥȥich German Essich German Essig Proto-Indo-European *h₂eydʰ-der. Proto-Hellenic *áitʰō Ancient Greek αἴθω (aíthō) ▲ Ancient Greek ᾱ̓ήρ (āḗr)influ.? Ancient Greek αἰθήρ (aithḗr)der. Latin aethērbor. German Äther blend? German Esterbor. English ester Borrowed from German Ester, possibly a blend of Essig + Äther. See ether for more.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "de:Ester<id:ester>",
"id": "compound",
"tree": "1",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ-\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti\nProto-Indo-European *h₂eḱéh₁yeti\nProto-Italic *akēō\nLatin aceō\nProto-Indo-European *-sḱéti\nProto-Italic *-skō\nLatin -scō\nLatin acēscō\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nLatin acētumbor.\nProto-West Germanic *aket\nProto-West Germanic *atek\nOld High German eȥȥih\nMiddle High German eȥȥich\nGerman Essich\nGerman Essig\nProto-Indo-European *h₂eydʰ-der.\nProto-Hellenic *áitʰō\nAncient Greek αἴθω (aíthō)\n▲\nAncient Greek ᾱ̓ήρ (āḗr)influ.?\nAncient Greek αἰθήρ (aithḗr)der.\nLatin aethērbor.\nGerman Äther\nblend?\nGerman Esterbor.\nEnglish ester\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"ester\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"blend\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to be sour\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂eḱéh₁yeti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"sharp\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂eḱ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₁ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₁yeti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*akēō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"aceō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"durative verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-sḱéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-skō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-scō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"acēscō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"past participle\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"acētum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*aket\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*atek\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old High German\", \"term\" : \"eȥȥih\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"goh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"eȥȥich\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Essich\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Essig\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"sky; ether\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂eydʰ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*áitʰō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αἴθω\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ᾱ̓ήρ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αἰθήρ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"aethēr\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Äther\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Blend of\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"blend\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Ester\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ester\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"compound\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"ester\" id=\"English:_compound\">\nBorrowed from German Ester, possibly a blend of Essig + Äther."
},
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "de:Ester<id:ester>",
"id": "compound",
"tree": "1",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ-\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti\nProto-Indo-European *h₂eḱéh₁yeti\nProto-Italic *akēō\nLatin aceō\nProto-Indo-European *-sḱéti\nProto-Italic *-skō\nLatin -scō\nLatin acēscō\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nLatin acētumbor.\nProto-West Germanic *aket\nProto-West Germanic *atek\nOld High German eȥȥih\nMiddle High German eȥȥich\nGerman Essich\nGerman Essig\nProto-Indo-European *h₂eydʰ-der.\nProto-Hellenic *áitʰō\nAncient Greek αἴθω (aíthō)\n▲\nAncient Greek ᾱ̓ήρ (āḗr)influ.?\nAncient Greek αἰθήρ (aithḗr)der.\nLatin aethērbor.\nGerman Äther\nblend?\nGerman Esterbor.\nEnglish ester\nBorrowed from German Ester, possibly a blend of Essig + Äther."
}
],
"links": [
[
"*h₂eḱ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eḱ-#Proto-Indo-European:_sharp"
],
[
"*-éh₁ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₁ti"
],
[
"*-yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti"
],
[
"*-éh₁yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₁yeti"
],
[
"*akēō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/akēō"
],
[
"aceō",
"aceo#Latin"
],
[
"*-sḱéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-sḱéti#Proto-Indo-European:_durative_verbs"
],
[
"*-skō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-skō"
],
[
"-scō",
"-sco#Latin"
],
[
"acēscō",
"acesco#Latin"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tos#Proto-Italic:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"-tus",
"-tus#Latin:_past_participle"
],
[
"acētum",
"acetum#Latin"
],
[
"*aket",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/aket"
],
[
"*atek",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/atek"
],
[
"eȥȥih",
"ezzih#Old_High_German"
],
[
"eȥȥich",
"ezzich#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"Essich",
"Essich#German"
],
[
"Essig",
"Essig#German"
],
[
"*h₂eydʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eydʰ-"
],
[
"*áitʰō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/áitʰō"
],
[
"αἴθω",
"αἴθω#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"ᾱ̓ήρ",
"ἀήρ#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"αἰθήρ",
"αἰθήρ#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"aethēr",
"aether#Latin"
],
[
"Äther",
"Äther#German"
],
[
"Ester",
"Ester#German:_ester"
],
[
"Ester",
"Ester#German:_ester"
],
[
"Essig",
"Essig#German"
],
[
"Äther",
"Äther#German"
],
[
"ether",
"ether#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A compound most often formed by the condensation of an alcohol and an acid, with elimination of water, which contains the functional group carbon-oxygen double bond (i.e., carbonyl) joined via carbon to another oxygen atom."
],
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