Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗To incite; urge on; encourage. · To irritate; provoke. · To be eager; hurry. · To make as if to strike; argue (with).
From Middle English erten, ertin, from Old Norse erta (“to provoke, incite, tease”), from Proto-Germanic *artijaną (“to excite, tease”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erd- (“sharp point, stinger”). Cognate with Icelandic erta (“to irritate”), Norwegian erta (“to taunt”), Swedish ärta (“to tease, jibe”), Old Irish aird (“point, ord, end point”), Ancient Greek ἄρδις (árdis, “arrowhead”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 2 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "erten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English erten"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "erta",
"4": "",
"5": "to provoke, incite, tease"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse erta (“to provoke, incite, tease”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*artijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to excite, tease"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *artijaną (“to excite, tease”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂erd-",
"4": "",
"5": "sharp point, stinger"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂erd- (“sharp point, stinger”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "erta",
"3": "",
"4": "to irritate"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic erta (“to irritate”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "erta",
"3": "",
"4": "to taunt"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian erta (“to taunt”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ärta",
"3": "",
"4": "to tease, jibe"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ärta (“to tease, jibe”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "aird",
"3": "",
"4": "point, ord, end point"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish aird (“point, ord, end point”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἄρδις",
"3": "",
"4": "arrowhead"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἄρδις (árdis, “arrowhead”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"erten",
"erten#Middle_English"
],
[
"ertin",
"ertin#Middle_English"
],
[
"erta",
"erta#Old_Norse"
],
[
"*artijaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/artijaną"
],
[
"*h₂erd-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂erd-"
],
[
"erta",
"erta#Icelandic"
],
[
"erta",
"erta#Norwegian"
],
[
"ärta",
"ärta#Swedish"
],
[
"aird",
"aird#Old_Irish"
],
[
"ἄρδις",
"ἄρδις#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To incite; urge on; encourage.",
"To irritate; provoke.",
"To be eager; hurry.",
"To make as if to strike; argue (with)."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"obsolete",
"transitive",
"intransitive"
],
"recordId": "a5716ed55df24ffffb38cb61c9d036d19829ac2ef90e5d4c5702b1e1f051657c",
"rawRecordSha256": "95144d117fa27acc38f17264012acd0ec2023c2a2aa6aa436fe89be83a09984e",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 776694
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 2,
"glosses": 0
}
}