*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of eel

From Middle English el (“eel”), from Old English ǣl (“eel”), from Proto-West Germanic *āl (“eel”), from Proto-Germanic *ēlaz (“eel”), which is of unknown origin. Cognates Cognate with West Frisian iel (“eel”), Dutch aal

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
verb

To fish for eels. · To move with a sinuous motion like that of an eel.

noun

Any freshwater fish of the order Anguilliformes, which are elongated and resemble snakes. · A European eel (Anguilla anguilla). · An electric eel (any knifefish of the genus Electrophorus) · A swamp eel (any fish in the family Synbranchidae).

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English el (“eel”), from Old English ǣl (“eel”), from Proto-West Germanic *āl (“eel”), from Proto-Germanic *ēlaz (“eel”), which is of unknown origin. Cognates Cognate with West Frisian iel (“eel”), Dutch aal (“eel”), German Low German Aal, Ool (“eel”), German Aal (“eel”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish ål (“eel”), Faroese állur, álur (“eel”), Icelandic áll (“eel”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionelenm
  • Inherited-form mentionǣlang
  • Inherited-form mention*ālgmw-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*ēlazgem-pro
  • Cognate mentionielfy
  • Cognate mentionaalnl
  • Cognate mentionAalde
  • Cognate mentionállurfo
  • Cognate mentionállis

This page abbreviates 9 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "el",
        "4": "",
        "5": "eel"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English el (“eel”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ǣl",
        "4": "",
        "5": "eel"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ǣl (“eel”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*āl",
        "4": "",
        "5": "eel"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *āl (“eel”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ēlaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "eel"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ēlaz (“eel”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "col-top",
      "args": {
        "1": "2",
        "2": "cog"
      },
      "expansion": "Cognates"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "iel",
        "3": "",
        "4": "eel"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian iel (“eel”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "aal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "eel"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch aal (“eel”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nds-de",
        "2": "Aal"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German Aal"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Aal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "eel"
      },
      "expansion": "German Aal (“eel”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da,nb,nn,sv",
        "2": "ål",
        "3": "",
        "4": "eel"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish ål (“eel”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fo",
        "2": "állur"
      },
      "expansion": "Faroese állur"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "áll",
        "3": "",
        "4": "eel"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic áll (“eel”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "el",
      "el#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "ǣl",
      "æl#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*āl",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/āl"
    ],
    [
      "*ēlaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ēlaz"
    ],
    [
      "iel",
      "iel#West_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "aal",
      "aal#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "Aal",
      "Aal#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "Ool",
      "Ool#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "Aal",
      "Aal#German"
    ],
    [
      "Danish",
      "ål#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "ål#Norwegian_Bokmål"
    ],
    [
      "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "ål#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "ål",
      "ål#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "állur",
      "állur#Faroese"
    ],
    [
      "álur",
      "álur#Faroese"
    ],
    [
      "áll",
      "áll#Icelandic"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To fish for eels.",
        "To move with a sinuous motion like that of an eel."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ],
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      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 155716
    },
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "Any freshwater fish of the order Anguilliformes, which are elongated and resemble snakes.",
        "A European eel (Anguilla anguilla).",
        "An electric eel (any knifefish of the genus Electrophorus)",
        "A swamp eel (any fish in the family Synbranchidae)."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "ba234987784388585014c28d3e94ecc99f8925391d5e4856114f0941c2df325c",
      "rawRecordSha256": "34ae08bb0e49464c729123172399b76b76ca9d4cdd993cdf7f0f77c1c1c1c1b1",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 155715
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  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 9,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for eel →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-ZWVs