*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of ebb

From Middle English ebbe, from Old English ebba (“ebb, tide”), from Proto-West Germanic *abbjā, from Proto-Germanic *abjô, *abjǭ, from Proto-Germanic *ab (“off, away”), from Proto-Indo-European *apó. See also West Frisia

2 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 2 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
adj

low, shallow

noun

The receding movement of the tide. · A gradual decline. · A low state; a state of depression. · A European bunting, the corn bunting (Emberiza calandra, syns. Emberiza miliaria, Milaria calandra).

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English ebbe, from Old English ebba (“ebb, tide”), from Proto-West Germanic *abbjā, from Proto-Germanic *abjô, *abjǭ, from Proto-Germanic *ab (“off, away”), from Proto-Indo-European *apó. See also West Frisian ebbe, Dutch eb, German Ebbe, Danish ebbe, Old Norse efja (“countercurrent”), Old English af. More at of, off.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionebbeenm
  • Inherited-form mentionebbaang
  • Inherited-form mention*abbjāgmw-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*abjôgem-pro
  • Derivation mention*abgem-pro
  • Derivation mention*apóine-pro
  • Cognate mentionebbefy
  • Cognate mentionebnl
  • Cognate mentionEbbede
  • Cognate mentionebbeda
  • Cognate mentionefjanon
  • Cognate mentionafang
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
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        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ebba",
        "4": "",
        "5": "ebb, tide"
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      "expansion": "Old English ebba (“ebb, tide”)"
    },
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        "4": "",
        "5": "off, away"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ab (“off, away”)"
    },
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      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
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      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *apó"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "ebbe"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian ebbe"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "eb"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch eb"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Ebbe"
      },
      "expansion": "German Ebbe"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "ebbe"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish ebbe"
    },
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      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "efja",
        "3": "",
        "4": "countercurrent"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse efja (“countercurrent”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "af"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English af"
    }
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      "ebbe#Middle_English"
    ],
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      "ebba",
      "ebba#Old_English"
    ],
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      "*abbjā",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/abbjā"
    ],
    [
      "*abjô",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/abjô"
    ],
    [
      "*abjǭ",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/abjǭ"
    ],
    [
      "*ab",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ab"
    ],
    [
      "*apó",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/apó"
    ],
    [
      "ebbe",
      "ebbe#West_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "eb",
      "eb#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "Ebbe",
      "Ebbe#German"
    ],
    [
      "ebbe",
      "ebbe#Danish"
    ],
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      "efja",
      "efja#Old_Norse"
    ],
    [
      "af",
      "af#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "of",
      "of#English"
    ],
    [
      "off",
      "off#English"
    ]
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Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
verb

to flow back or recede · to fall away or decline · to fish with stakes and nets that serve to prevent the fish from getting back into the sea with the ebb · To cause to flow back.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English ebben, from Old English ebbian, from Proto-West Germanic *abbjōn (“to ebb”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionebbenenm
  • Inherited-form mentionebbianang
  • Inherited-form mention*abbjōngmw-pro · to ebb
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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        "3": "ebben"
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    },
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      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ebbian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ebbian"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*abbjōn",
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      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *abbjōn (“to ebb”)"
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  ],
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      "pos": "verb",
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        "to flow back or recede",
        "to fall away or decline",
        "to fish with stakes and nets that serve to prevent the fish from getting back into the sea with the ebb",
        "To cause to flow back."
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for ebb →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-ZWJi