*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of earn

From Middle English ernen, from Old English earnian, from Proto-West Germanic *aʀanōn, from Proto-Germanic *azanōną. This verb is denominal from the noun *azaniz (“harvest”).

3 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 3 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
verb

To gain (success, reward, recognition) through applied effort or work. · To receive payment for work or for a role or position held (regardless of whether effort was applied or whether the remuneration is deserved or commensurate). · To receive payment for work. · To cause (someone) to receive payment or reward.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English ernen, from Old English earnian, from Proto-West Germanic *aʀanōn, from Proto-Germanic *azanōną. This verb is denominal from the noun *azaniz (“harvest”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*seh₁-",
        "id": "sow"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "ernen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English ernen"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "earnian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English earnian"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*aʀanōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aʀanōn"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*azanōną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *azanōną"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "ernen",
      "ernen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "earnian",
      "earnian#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*aʀanōn",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/aʀanōn"
    ],
    [
      "*azanōną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/azanōną"
    ],
    [
      "*azaniz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/azaniz"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To gain (success, reward, recognition) through applied effort or work.",
        "To receive payment for work or for a role or position held (regardless of whether effort was applied or whether the remuneration is deserved or commensurate).",
        "To receive payment for work.",
        "To cause (someone) to receive payment or reward."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive",
        "intransitive"
      ],
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    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 1,
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  }
}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
verb

To curdle (milk), especially in the cheesemaking process. · Of milk: to curdle, especially in the cheesemaking process.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Probably either: * from Middle English erne, ernen (“to coagulate, congeal”) (chiefly South Midlands) [and other forms], a metathetic variant of rennen (“to run; to coagulate, congeal”), from Old English rinnan (“to run”) (with the variants iernan, irnan) and Old Norse rinna (“to move quickly, run; of liquid: to flow, run; to melt”), both from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to move, stir; to rise, spring”); or * a back-formation from earning (“(Britain regional, archaic) rennet”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*h₃er-ine-pro
  • Inherited-form mentionerneenm
  • Inherited-form mentionrinnanang · to run
  • Derivation mentionrinnanon · to move quickly, run; of liquid: to flow, run; to melt
  • Derivation mention*rinnanągem-pro
  • Derivation mention*h₃er-ine-pro · to move, stir; to rise, spring
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃er-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "sup",
      "args": {
        "1": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "³"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "erne"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English erne"
    },
    {
      "name": "qualifier",
      "args": {
        "1": "chiefly South Midlands"
      },
      "expansion": "(chiefly South Midlands)"
    },
    {
      "name": "nb...",
      "args": {
        "1": "(chiefly Middle English from Southwest England and Southwest Midlands, and Early Middle English) eorne, eornen, herne, hurnen, uerne, urne, urnen, hurnen, (Early Middle English, Southwest Midlands) eærne, earnæ, heorne, hirnen, irne, irnen",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]"
    },
    {
      "name": "glossary",
      "args": {
        "1": "metathetic"
      },
      "expansion": "metathetic"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "rinnan",
        "t": "to run"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English rinnan (“to run”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "rinna",
        "t": "to move quickly, run; of liquid: to flow, run; to melt"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse rinna (“to move quickly, run; of liquid: to flow, run; to melt”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*rinnaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rinnaną"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃er-",
        "t": "to move, stir; to rise, spring"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to move, stir; to rise, spring”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "back-formation",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "earning",
        "t": "(Britain regional, archaic) rennet",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "back-formation from earning (“(Britain regional, archaic) rennet”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "erne",
      "erne#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "ernen",
      "ernen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "rennen",
      "rennen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "rinnan",
      "rinnan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "iernan",
      "iernan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "irnan",
      "irnan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "rinna",
      "rinna#Old_Norse"
    ],
    [
      "*rinnaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rinnaną"
    ],
    [
      "*h₃er-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃er-"
    ],
    [
      "earning",
      "earning#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To curdle (milk), especially in the cheesemaking process.",
        "Of milk: to curdle, especially in the cheesemaking process."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "transitive",
        "intransitive",
        "obsolete"
      ],
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  }
}

Source etymology 3

Original entry ↗
verb

To strongly long or yearn (for something or to do something). · To grieve.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

A variant of yearn.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "sup",
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "yearn",
      "yearn#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To strongly long or yearn (for something or to do something).",
        "To grieve."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete",
        "transitive",
        "intransitive"
      ],
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for earn →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-ZWFybg