Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo take in with the ears; to hear. · To hold by the ears.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew- Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws Proto-Germanic *ausô Proto-West Germanic *auʀā Old English ēare Middle English ere English ear From Middle English eare, eere, ere, eyr, ire, yere, ȝhere, from Old English ēare (“ear”), from Proto-West Germanic *auʀā, from the voiced Verner alternant of Proto-Germanic *ausô (“ear”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws (“ear”), from *h₂ew- (“to perceive”). Cognates Cognate with North Frisian uaar, uar, uur (“ear”), Saterland Frisian Oor (“ear”), West Frisian ear (“ear”), Alemannic German Oor (“ear”), Central Franconian Uhr (“ear”), Dutch oor (“ear”), German Ohr (“ear”), Low German Ohr, Oor, Or, our, Ur (“ear”), Luxembourgish Ouer (“ear”), Vilamovian ür (“ear”), Yiddish אויער (oyer, “ear”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål øre (“ear”), Elfdalian ära (“ear”), Faroese oyra (“ear”), Icelandic eyra (“ear”), Jamtish ǿre (“ear”), Norwegian Nynorsk øra, øre, øyra, øyre (“ear”), Swedish öra (“ear”), Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉 (ausō, “ear”); also Old Irish áu, ó (“ear”), Latin auris, ōris (“ear”), Greek αφτί (aftí), αυτί (aftí, “ear”), Albanian vesh (“ear; handle”), Latvian auss (“ear”), Lithuanian ausis (“ear”), Belarusian ву́ха (vúxa, “ear”), Bulgarian ухо́ (uhó, “ear”), Czech, Polish, Silesian, and Slovak ucho (“ear”), Kashubian ùchò (“ear”), Lower Sorbian and Upper Sorbian wucho (“ear”), Macedonian уво (uvo, “ear”), Polabian vaux’ü (“ear”), Russian у́хо (úxo, “ear”), Serbo-Croatian у̏во, у̏хо, ȕho, ȕvo (“ear”), Slovene uho (“ear”), Slovincian wùchô (“ear”), Ukrainian ву́хо (vúxo, “ear”), Armenian ունկ (unk, “ear”), Persian هوش (hōš / huš, “intellect; intelligence; understanding”), Sanskrit उषस् (uṣas, “outer passage of the ear”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*h₂ew-ine-pro
- Root classification mention*dʰeh₁-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentioneareenm
- Inherited-form mentionēareang · ear
- Inherited-form mention*auʀāgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*ausôgem-pro · ear
- Inherited-form mention*h₂ṓwsine-pro · ear
- Cognate mentionuaarfrr
- Cognate mentionOorstq · ear
- Cognate mentionearfy · ear
- Cognate mentionOorgsw · ear
- Cognate mentionUhrgmw-cfr · ear
- Cognate mentionoornl · ear
- Cognate mentionOhrde · ear
- Cognate mentionOhrnds
- Cognate mentionOuerlb · ear
- Cognate mentionürwym · ear
- Cognate mentionאויערyi · ear
- Cognate mentionäraovd · ear
- Cognate mentionoyrafo · ear
- Cognate mentioneyrais · ear
- Cognate mentionǿregmq-jmk · ear
- Cognate mentionørann
- Cognate mentionörasv · ear
- Cognate mention𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉got · ear
- Cognate mentionáusga
- Cognate mentionaurisla
- Cognate mentionαφτίel
- Cognate mentionveshsq · ear; handle
- Cognate mentionausslv · ear
- Cognate mentionausislt · ear
- Cognate mentionву́хаbe · ear
- Cognate mentionухо́bg · ear
- Cognate mentionùchòcsb · ear
- Cognate mentionувоmk · ear
- Cognate mentionvaux’üpox · ear
- Cognate mentionу́хоru · ear
- Cognate mentionу̏воsh
- Cognate mentionuhosl · ear
- Cognate mentionwùchôzlw-slv · ear
- Cognate mentionву́хоuk · ear
- Cognate mentionունկhy · ear
- Cognate mentionهوشfa · intellect; intelligence; understanding
- Cognate mentionउषस्sa · outer passage of the ear
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:ere<id:ear>",
"id": "organ",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ew-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws\nProto-Germanic *ausô\nProto-West Germanic *auʀā\nOld English ēare\nMiddle English ere\nEnglish ear\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ausô\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*auʀā\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ēare\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ear\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"organ\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"ear\" id=\"English:_organ\">"
},
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ew-",
"4": "*dʰeh₁-",
"id1": "perceive"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eare"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eare"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēare",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēare (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*auʀā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *auʀā"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ausô",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ausô (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ṓws",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "uaar"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian uaar"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Oor",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Oor (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ear",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian ear (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Oor",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German Oor (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "Uhr",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian Uhr (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "oor",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Dutch oor (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ohr",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "German Ohr (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Ohr"
},
"expansion": "Low German Ohr"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Ouer",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish Ouer (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "ür",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian ür (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "אויער",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish אויער (oyer, “ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da,nb",
"2": "øre",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Danish and Norwegian Bokmål øre (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "ära",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian ära (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "oyra",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Faroese oyra (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "eyra",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic eyra (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gmq-jmk",
"2": "ǿre",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Jamtish ǿre (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "øra"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk øra"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "öra",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Swedish öra (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉 (ausō, “ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "áu"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish áu"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "auris"
},
"expansion": "Latin auris"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "αφτί"
},
"expansion": "Greek αφτί (aftí)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "vesh",
"t": "ear; handle"
},
"expansion": "Albanian vesh (“ear; handle”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "auss",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Latvian auss (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ausis",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ausis (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "ву́ха",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian ву́ха (vúxa, “ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ухо́",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian ухо́ (uhó, “ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cs,pl,szl,sk",
"2": "ucho",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Czech, Polish, Silesian, and Slovak ucho (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "ùchò",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian ùchò (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "dsb,hsb",
"2": "wucho",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian and Upper Sorbian wucho (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "уво",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian уво (uvo, “ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "vaux’ü",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Polabian vaux’ü (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "у́хо",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Russian у́хо (úxo, “ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "у̏во"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian у̏во"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "uho",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Slovene uho (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "wùchô",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian wùchô (“ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ву́хо",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian ву́хо (vúxo, “ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "ունկ",
"t": "ear"
},
"expansion": "Armenian ունկ (unk, “ear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "هوش",
"tr": "hōš / huš",
"t": "intellect; intelligence; understanding"
},
"expansion": "Persian هوش (hōš / huš, “intellect; intelligence; understanding”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "उषस्",
"t": "outer passage of the ear"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit उषस् (uṣas, “outer passage of the ear”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:ere<id:ear>",
"id": "organ",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ew-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws\nProto-Germanic *ausô\nProto-West Germanic *auʀā\nOld English ēare\nMiddle English ere\nEnglish ear"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*h₂ew-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ew-#Proto-Indo-European:_perceive"
],
[
"*-s",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s#Proto-Indo-European:_lengthened_acrostatic"
],
[
"*h₂ṓws",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ṓws"
],
[
"*ausô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ausô"
],
[
"*auʀā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/auʀā"
],
[
"ēare",
"eare#Old_English"
],
[
"ere",
"ere#Middle_English:_ear"
],
[
"eare",
"eare#Middle_English"
],
[
"eere",
"eere#Middle_English"
],
[
"ere",
"ere#Middle_English"
],
[
"eyr",
"eyr#Middle_English"
],
[
"ire",
"ire#Middle_English"
],
[
"yere",
"yere#Middle_English"
],
[
"ȝhere",
"ȝhere#Middle_English"
],
[
"ēare",
"eare#Old_English"
],
[
"*auʀā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/auʀā"
],
[
"Verner",
"Verner"
],
[
"*ausô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ausô"
],
[
"*h₂ṓws",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ṓws"
],
[
"*h₂ew-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ew-"
],
[
"uaar",
"uaar#North_Frisian"
],
[
"uar",
"uar#North_Frisian"
],
[
"uur",
"uur#North_Frisian"
],
[
"Oor",
"Oor#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"ear",
"ear#West_Frisian"
],
[
"Oor",
"Oor#Alemannic_German"
],
[
"Uhr",
"Uhr#Central_Franconian"
],
[
"oor",
"oor#Dutch"
],
[
"Ohr",
"Ohr#German"
],
[
"Ohr",
"Ohr#Low_German"
],
[
"Oor",
"Oor#Low_German"
],
[
"Or",
"Or#Low_German"
],
[
"our",
"our#Low_German"
],
[
"Ur",
"Ur#Low_German"
],
[
"Ouer",
"Ouer#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"ür",
"ür#Vilamovian"
],
[
"אויער",
"אויער#Yiddish"
],
[
"Danish",
"øre#Danish"
],
[
"øre",
"øre#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"ära",
"ära#Elfdalian"
],
[
"oyra",
"oyra#Faroese"
],
[
"eyra",
"eyra#Icelandic"
],
[
"ǿre",
"ǿre#Jamtish"
],
[
"øra",
"øra#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"øre",
"øre#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"øyra",
"øyra#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"øyre",
"øyre#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"öra",
"öra#Swedish"
],
[
"𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉",
"𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉#Gothic"
],
[
"áu",
"áu#Old_Irish"
],
[
"ó",
"ó#Old_Irish"
],
[
"auris",
"auris#Latin"
],
[
"ōris",
"oris#Latin"
],
[
"αφτί",
"αφτί#Greek"
],
[
"αυτί",
"αυτί#Greek"
],
[
"vesh",
"vesh#Albanian"
],
[
"auss",
"auss#Latvian"
],
[
"ausis",
"ausis#Lithuanian"
],
[
"ву́ха",
"вуха#Belarusian"
],
[
"ухо́",
"ухо#Bulgarian"
],
[
"Czech",
"ucho#Czech"
],
[
"Polish",
"ucho#Polish"
],
[
"Silesian",
"ucho#Silesian"
],
[
"ucho",
"ucho#Slovak"
],
[
"ùchò",
"ùchò#Kashubian"
],
[
"Lower Sorbian",
"wucho#Lower_Sorbian"
],
[
"wucho",
"wucho#Upper_Sorbian"
],
[
"уво",
"уво#Macedonian"
],
[
"vaux’ü",
"vaux’ü#Polabian"
],
[
"у́хо",
"ухо#Russian"
],
[
"у̏во",
"уво#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"у̏хо",
"ухо#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"ȕho",
"uho#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"ȕvo",
"uvo#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"uho",
"uho#Slovene"
],
[
"wùchô",
"wùchô#Slovincian"
],
[
"ву́хо",
"вухо#Ukrainian"
],
[
"ունկ",
"ունկ#Armenian"
],
[
"هوش",
"هوش#Persian"
],
[
"उषस्",
"उषस्#Sanskrit"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To take in with the ears; to hear.",
"To hold by the ears."
],
"tags": [
"humorous",
"transitive"
],
"recordId": "bf54eab887bf0291f45de42981313f0e3098e61ea59bce1905e1965167f8f619",
"rawRecordSha256": "03e4089688100fd33d8fe6f4bbcaf0293a0320a050afc2e024ae4114062e2723",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 24798
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
"glosses": 0
}
}