Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo consume (something solid or semi-solid, usually food) by putting it into the mouth and swallowing it. · To consume a meal. · To have a particular quality of diet; to be well-fed or underfed. · To be ingested.
From Middle English eten, from Old English etan (“to eat”), from Proto-West Germanic *etan, from Proto-Germanic *etaną (“to eat”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁édti, from *h₁ed- (“to eat”). Cognates Cognate with Scots ait (“to eat”), Yola ayth, eight (“to eat”), North Frisian iidj, iit, ää'e, ääre, ääse (“to eat”), Saterland Frisian iete, íete (“to eat”), West Frisian ite (“to eat”), Alemannic German asse, assu, essen, ässe, ässä (“to eat”), Bavarian eisn, essn, èssn (“to eat”), Cimbrian èssan, èzzan (“to eat”), Dutch and Low German eten (“to eat”), German essen (“to eat”), Luxembourgish iessen (“to eat”), Mòcheno èssn (“to eat”), Vilamovian aosa (“to eat”), Yiddish עסן (esn, “to eat”), Danish æde (“to eat”), Elfdalian jätå (“to eat”), Faroese eta (“to eat”), Icelandic eta, éta (“to eat”), Norwegian Bokmål ete (“to eat”), Norwegian Nynorsk eta, ete, åtå (“to eat”), Swedish äta (“to eat”), Gothic 𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (itan, “to eat”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*h₁ed-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionetenenm
- Inherited-form mentionetanang · to eat
- Inherited-form mention*etangmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*etanągem-pro · to eat
- Inherited-form mention*h₁édtiine-pro
- Cognate mentionaitsco · to eat
- Cognate mentionaythyol
- Cognate mentioniidjfrr
- Cognate mentionietestq
- Cognate mentionitefy · to eat
- Cognate mentionassegsw
- Cognate mentioneisnbar
- Cognate mentionèssancim
- Cognate mentionessende · to eat
- Cognate mentioniessenlb · to eat
- Cognate mentionèssnmhn · to eat
- Cognate mentionaosawym · to eat
- Cognate mentionעסןyi · to eat
- Cognate mentionædeda · to eat
- Cognate mentionjätåovd · to eat
- Cognate mentionetafo · to eat
- Cognate mentionetais
- Cognate mentionetenb · to eat
- Cognate mentionetann
- Cognate mentionätasv · to eat
- Cognate mention𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽got · to eat
This page abbreviates 13 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ed-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eten"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "etan",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "Old English etan (“to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*etan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *etan"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*etaną",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *etaną (“to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁édti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁édti"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ait",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "Scots ait (“to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ayth"
},
"expansion": "Yola ayth"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "iidj"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian iidj"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "iete"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian iete"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ite",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian ite (“to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "asse"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German asse"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "eisn"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian eisn"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "èssan"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian èssan"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl,nds",
"2": "eten",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "Dutch and Low German eten (“to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "essen",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "German essen (“to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "iessen",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish iessen (“to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "mhn",
"2": "èssn",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "Mòcheno èssn (“to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "aosa",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian aosa (“to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "עסן",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish עסן (esn, “to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "æde",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "Danish æde (“to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "jätå",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian jätå (“to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "eta",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "Faroese eta (“to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "eta"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic eta"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "ete",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål ete (“to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "eta"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk eta"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "äta",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "Swedish äta (“to eat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽",
"t": "to eat"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (itan, “to eat”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"eten",
"eten#Middle_English"
],
[
"etan",
"etan#Old_English"
],
[
"*etan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/etan"
],
[
"*etaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/etaną"
],
[
"*h₁édti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁édti"
],
[
"*h₁ed-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ed-"
],
[
"ait",
"ait#Scots"
],
[
"ayth",
"ayth#Yola"
],
[
"eight",
"eight#Yola"
],
[
"iidj",
"iidj#North_Frisian"
],
[
"iit",
"iit#North_Frisian"
],
[
"ää'e",
"ää'e#North_Frisian"
],
[
"ääre",
"ääre#North_Frisian"
],
[
"ääse",
"ääse#North_Frisian"
],
[
"iete",
"iete#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"íete",
"íete#North_Frisian"
],
[
"ite",
"ite#West_Frisian"
],
[
"asse",
"asse#Alemannic_German"
],
[
"assu",
"assu#Alemannic_German"
],
[
"essen",
"essen#Alemannic_German"
],
[
"ässe",
"ässe#Alemannic_German"
],
[
"ässä",
"ässä#Alemannic_German"
],
[
"eisn",
"eisn#Bavarian"
],
[
"essn",
"essn#Bavarian"
],
[
"èssn",
"èssn#Bavarian"
],
[
"èssan",
"èssan#Cimbrian"
],
[
"èzzan",
"èzzan#Cimbrian"
],
[
"Dutch",
"eten#Dutch"
],
[
"eten",
"eten#Low_German"
],
[
"essen",
"essen#German"
],
[
"iessen",
"iessen#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"èssn",
"èssn#Mòcheno"
],
[
"aosa",
"aosa#Vilamovian"
],
[
"עסן",
"עסן#Yiddish"
],
[
"æde",
"æde#Danish"
],
[
"jätå",
"jätå#Elfdalian"
],
[
"eta",
"eta#Faroese"
],
[
"eta",
"eta#Icelandic"
],
[
"éta",
"éta#Icelandic"
],
[
"ete",
"ete#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"eta",
"eta#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"ete",
"ete#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"åtå",
"åtå#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"äta",
"äta#Swedish"
],
[
"𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽",
"𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽#Gothic"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To consume (something solid or semi-solid, usually food) by putting it into the mouth and swallowing it.",
"To consume a meal.",
"To have a particular quality of diet; to be well-fed or underfed.",
"To be ingested."
],
"tags": [
"ambitransitive",
"intransitive",
"copulative",
"ergative"
],
"recordId": "9eeaec18d3e6e1b83ab1d3cc6f10e5317375a76d57ee01d3daad65dc3ca36c24",
"rawRecordSha256": "bda35bad120695765cf12dd35e0d810d26ca692b8127c4291e596dd17d3a5ee7",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 30537
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 13,
"glosses": 0
}
}