*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of duan

From Irish and Scottish Gaelic duan, from Middle Irish dúan, from Proto-Indo-European *dh₂p-no- (compare Old Armenian տաւն (tawn, “feast, celebration”), Ancient Greek δαπάνη (dapánē, “cost”), Old Norse tafn (“sacrificial

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
noun

A division of a poem, especially an epic poem or a Scottish poem; a canto. · A poem or song.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Irish and Scottish Gaelic duan, from Middle Irish dúan, from Proto-Indo-European *dh₂p-no- (compare Old Armenian տաւն (tawn, “feast, celebration”), Ancient Greek δαπάνη (dapánē, “cost”), Old Norse tafn (“sacrificial animal”) and Latin damnum (“damage”)), from *deh₂p- (“to sacrifice”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*deh₂p-ine-pro
  • Borrowed-form mentionduangd
  • Derivation mentiondúanmga
  • Cognate mentionտաւնxcl · feast, celebration
  • Cognate mentionδαπάνηgrc · cost
  • Cognate mentiontafnnon · sacrificial animal
  • Cognate mentiondamnumla · damage
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*deh₂p-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "bor",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ga",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish"
    },
    {
      "name": "bor",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gd",
        "3": "duan"
      },
      "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic duan"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "mga",
        "3": "dúan"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Irish dúan"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dh₂p-no-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dh₂p-no-"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "տաւն",
        "t": "feast, celebration"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian տաւն (tawn, “feast, celebration”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "δαπάνη",
        "t": "cost"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek δαπάνη (dapánē, “cost”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "tafn",
        "t": "sacrificial animal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse tafn (“sacrificial animal”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "damnum",
        "t": "damage"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin damnum (“damage”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "duan",
      "duan#Scottish_Gaelic"
    ],
    [
      "dúan",
      "dúan#Middle_Irish"
    ],
    [
      "տաւն",
      "տաւն#Old_Armenian"
    ],
    [
      "δαπάνη",
      "δαπάνη#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "tafn",
      "tafn#Old_Norse"
    ],
    [
      "damnum",
      "damnum#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "*deh₂p-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/deh₂p-"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A division of a poem, especially an epic poem or a Scottish poem; a canto.",
        "A poem or song."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "16919aed6c181184d5628613bb8853c2ec4cdb1901a96b5f4208e39ebe3aeb94",
      "rawRecordSha256": "2be6ccad9292de256023b820d739b448f55a8533aedc4c6fc9be13d4407edbc2",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 765514
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for duan →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-ZHVhbg