Etymology of draw

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗

verb

To pull (someone or something) in a particular direction or manner. · To move (a body part) in a particular direction. · Often followed by tight: to pull (something, such as a belt or string) so that it tightens or wraps around something more closely. · To drag (something), especially along the ground.

noun

That which draws: that which attracts e.g. a crowd. · The act of drawing a gun from a holster, etc. · The procedure by which the result of a lottery is determined. · The act of pulling back the strings in preparation of firing; the distance the strings are pulled back.

intj

Pull back your bowstring in preparation to shoot.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ- Proto-Indo-European *dʰrógʰ-e-ti Proto-Germanic *draganą Proto-West Germanic *dragan Old English dragan Middle English drawen English draw The verb is derived from Middle English dragen, draghen, draue, drauen, drauhen, drawe, drawen, draȝe, draȝen, draȝhenn (“to drag, pull; to draw (out); to attract; to entice, lure; to lead; to make a drawing; to move, travel; etc.”), from Old English dragan (“to drag, draw”), from Proto-West Germanic *dragan (“to carry, haul”), from Proto-Germanic *draganą (“to carry, draw, pull”); further etymology uncertain, often said to be from Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ- (“to drag, pull, run”), but possibly from a non-Indo-European substrate root which is also the source of Latin trahō (“to pull, draw; etc.”). Doublet of drag and draught. The noun is derived from Middle English drau, draue (“action of shooting with a bow”), from drauen, drawen (verb). Cognates Cognate with North Frisian drai, dreeg, dreege (“to carry; to wear”), West Frisian drage (“to carry”), Central Franconian draan, drage, droon (“to bear, carry”), Dutch dragen (“to carry; to wear; to transfer”), German tragen (“to bear, carry; to wear; to support”), Low German dregen (“to carry, take”), Luxembourgish droen (“to carry; to hold, support; to wear; to travel; to fruit”), Yiddish טראָגן (trogn, “to carry, to wear; to be pregnant”), Zealandic draege, draoge (“to carry”), Danish drage (“to draw”), Elfdalian drågå (“to drag, draw, pull”), Faroese and Icelandic draga (“to drag, draw, pull”), Gutnish dräga (“to pull”), Norwegian Bokmål dra, drage (“to drag, draw, pull”), Norwegian Nynorsk dra, draga, drage, drågå, dråggå (“to drag, pull; to leave”), Swedish dra, draga (“to draw, pull; to consume; to leave; to run; to steep”), Gothic 𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽 (dragan, “to carry, draw, pull”); also Old Irish droch (“wheel; circlet”), Latin tragō, trahō (“to drag, pull; to trail; to extract; to plunder; to draw out; to protract; to consider, ponder, weigh”), Greek τρέχω (trécho, “to run; to flee; to flow; to execute”), Russian дро́га (dróga, “rail or perch in a cart”), Armenian դուրգ (durg, “to potter’s wheel”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inherited-form mentiondragenenm
Inherited-form mentiondraganang · to drag, draw
Inherited-form mention*dragangmw-pro · to carry, haul
Inherited-form mention*draganągem-pro · to carry, draw, pull
Derivation mention*dʰregʰ-ine-pro · to drag, pull, run
Cognate mentiontrahōla · to pull, draw; etc.
Doublet mentiondragen
Doublet mentiondraughten
Inherited-form mentiondrauenm
Cognate mentiondraifrr
Cognate mentiondragefy · to carry
Cognate mentiondraangmw-cfr
Cognate mentiondragennl · to carry; to wear; to transfer
Cognate mentiontragende · to bear, carry; to wear; to support
Cognate mentiondregennds · to carry, take
Cognate mentiondroenlb · to carry; to hold, support; to wear; to travel; to fruit
Cognate mentionטראָגןyi · to carry, to wear; to be pregnant
Cognate mentiondraegezea
Cognate mentiondrageda · to draw
Cognate mentiondrågåovd · to drag, draw, pull
Cognate mentiondrägagmq-gut · to pull
Cognate mentiondranb
Cognate mentiondrann
Cognate mentiondrasv
Cognate mention𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽got · to carry, draw, pull
Cognate mentiondrochsga · wheel; circlet
Cognate mentiontragōla
Cognate mentionτρέχωel · to run; to flee; to flow; to execute
Cognate mentionдро́гаru · rail or perch in a cart
Cognate mentionդուրգhy · to potter’s wheel

This page abbreviates 147 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "ety",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:drawen",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰrógʰ-e-ti\nProto-Germanic *draganą\nProto-West Germanic *dragan\nOld English dragan\nMiddle English drawen\nEnglish draw\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*draganą\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*dragan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"dragan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"drawen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"draw\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"draw\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "glossary",
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "dragen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English dragen"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "dragan",
        "t": "to drag, draw"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English dragan (“to drag, draw”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*dragan",
        "t": "to carry, haul"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dragan (“to carry, haul”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*draganą",
        "t": "to carry, draw, pull"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *draganą (“to carry, draw, pull”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰregʰ-",
        "t": "to drag, pull, run"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ- (“to drag, pull, run”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "glossary",
      "args": {
        "1": "substrate"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "trahō",
        "t": "to pull, draw; etc."
      },
      "expansion": "Latin trahō (“to pull, draw; etc.”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "drag",
        "3": "draught"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of drag and draught"
    },
    {
      "name": "glossary",
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "drau"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English drau"
    },
    {
      "name": "col-top",
      "args": {
        "1": "2",
        "2": "cog"
      },
      "expansion": "Cognates"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "frr",
        "2": "drai"
      },
      "expansion": "North Frisian drai"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "drage",
        "t": "to carry"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian drage (“to carry”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "draan"
      },
      "expansion": "Central Franconian draan"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dragen",
        "t": "to carry; to wear; to transfer"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch dragen (“to carry; to wear; to transfer”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "tragen",
        "t": "to bear, carry; to wear; to support"
      },
      "expansion": "German tragen (“to bear, carry; to wear; to support”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "dregen",
        "t": "to carry, take"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German dregen (“to carry, take”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "droen",
        "t": "to carry; to hold, support; to wear; to travel; to fruit"
      },
      "expansion": "Luxembourgish droen (“to carry; to hold, support; to wear; to travel; to fruit”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "yi",
        "2": "טראָגן",
        "t": "to carry, to wear; to be pregnant"
      },
      "expansion": "Yiddish טראָגן (trogn, “to carry, to wear; to be pregnant”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "zea",
        "2": "draege"
      },
      "expansion": "Zealandic draege"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "drage",
        "t": "to draw"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish drage (“to draw”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ovd",
        "2": "drågå",
        "t": "to drag, draw, pull"
      },
      "expansion": "Elfdalian drågå (“to drag, draw, pull”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fo,is",
        "2": "draga",
        "t": "to drag, draw, pull"
      },
      "expansion": "Faroese and Icelandic draga (“to drag, draw, pull”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-gut",
        "2": "dräga",
        "t": "to pull"
      },
      "expansion": "Gutnish dräga (“to pull”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "dra"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål dra"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "dra"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk dra"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "dra"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish dra"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽",
        "t": "to carry, draw, pull"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽 (dragan, “to carry, draw, pull”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "droch",
        "t": "wheel; circlet"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish droch (“wheel; circlet”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "tragō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin tragō"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "τρέχω",
        "t": "to run; to flee; to flow; to execute"
      },
      "expansion": "Greek τρέχω (trécho, “to run; to flee; to flow; to execute”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "дро́га",
        "t": "rail or perch in a cart"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian дро́га (dróga, “rail or perch in a cart”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "դուրգ",
        "t": "to potter’s wheel"
      },
      "expansion": "Armenian դուրգ (durg, “to potter’s wheel”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "ety",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:drawen",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰrógʰ-e-ti\nProto-Germanic *draganą\nProto-West Germanic *dragan\nOld English dragan\nMiddle English drawen\nEnglish draw"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*dʰregʰ-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰregʰ-"
    ],
    [
      "*draganą",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/draganą"
    ],
    [
      "*dragan",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dragan"
    ],
    [
      "dragan",
      "dragan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "drawen",
      "drawen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "dragen",
      "dragen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "draghen",
      "draghen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "draue",
      "draue#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "drauen",
      "drauen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "drauhen",
      "drauhen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "drawe",
      "drawe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "drawen",
      "drawen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "draȝe",
      "draȝe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "draȝen",
      "draȝen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "draȝhenn",
      "draȝhenn#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "dragan",
      "dragan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*dragan",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dragan"
    ],
    [
      "*draganą",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/draganą"
    ],
    [
      "*dʰregʰ-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰregʰ-"
    ],
    [
      "trahō",
      "traho#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "drag",
      "drag#English"
    ],
    [
      "draught",
      "draught#English"
    ],
    [
      "drau",
      "drau#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "draue",
      "draue#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "drauen",
      "drauen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "drawen",
      "drawen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "drai",
      "drai#North_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "dreeg",
      "dreeg#North_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "dreege",
      "dreege#North_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "drage",
      "drage#West_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "draan",
      "draan#Central_Franconian"
    ],
    [
      "drage",
      "drage#Central_Franconian"
    ],
    [
      "droon",
      "droon#Central_Franconian"
    ],
    [
      "dragen",
      "dragen#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "tragen",
      "tragen#German"
    ],
    [
      "dregen",
      "dregen#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "droen",
      "droen#Luxembourgish"
    ],
    [
      "טראָגן",
      "טראָגן#Yiddish"
    ],
    [
      "draege",
      "draege#Zealandic"
    ],
    [
      "draoge",
      "draoge#Zealandic"
    ],
    [
      "drage",
      "drage#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "drågå",
      "drågå#Elfdalian"
    ],
    [
      "Faroese",
      "draga#Faroese"
    ],
    [
      "draga",
      "draga#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "dräga",
      "dräga#Gutnish"
    ],
    [
      "dra",
      "dra#Norwegian_Bokmål"
    ],
    [
      "drage",
      "drage#Norwegian_Bokmål"
    ],
    [
      "dra",
      "dra#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "draga",
      "draga#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "drage",
      "drage#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "drågå",
      "drågå#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "dråggå",
      "dråggå#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "dra",
      "dra#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "draga",
      "draga#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽",
      "𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽#Gothic"
    ],
    [
      "droch",
      "droch#Old_Irish"
    ],
    [
      "tragō",
      "trago#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "trahō",
      "traho#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "τρέχω",
      "τρέχω#Greek"
    ],
    [
      "дро́га",
      "дрога#Russian"
    ],
    [
      "դուրգ",
      "դուրգ#Armenian"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To pull (someone or something) in a particular direction or manner.",
        "To move (a body part) in a particular direction.",
        "Often followed by tight: to pull (something, such as a belt or string) so that it tightens or wraps around something more closely.",
        "To drag (something), especially along the ground."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "often",
        "transitive"
      ],
      "recordId": "a200328835e4c4b4972534cdb8a41b6cbb09b3c87fb419fbeee2d53768f58cef",
      "rawRecordSha256": "502f3063b07df87ef0934a579f9559887e1c1492cac0ae40b1fc8d460a32e4cb",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 24065
    },
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "That which draws: that which attracts e.g. a crowd.",
        "The act of drawing a gun from a holster, etc.",
        "The procedure by which the result of a lottery is determined.",
        "The act of pulling back the strings in preparation of firing; the distance the strings are pulled back."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "recordId": "a47307e96637f467081ec1b47a637995db2455f381756457c537f8ddfdf97133",
      "rawRecordSha256": "887238eaa6ceaae3b4881e31a73aa972faaa04304cc11649f0785716ed8a065d",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 24067
    },
    {
      "pos": "intj",
      "glosses": [
        "Pull back your bowstring in preparation to shoot."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "b9e0baeae462ecda8cf071b2266ffe293ca2265add766baab8246afed16ab782",
      "rawRecordSha256": "fd94cd4ab952fdb578189c34b88d1381e8acc90db60fd02111687f89f5da1639",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 24066
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 147,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

The source etymologies

Unnumbered source etymology

Relationships mentioned by the source

Where this record stops

Source and snapshot