*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of dozen

From Middle English dozen, dozein, doseyne, from Old French dozaine (“a group of twelve”) (Modern French douzaine), from doze (“twelve”) + -aine (“-ish”), from Latin duodecim (“twelve”) (from duo (“two”) + decem (“ten”))

2 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 2 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
noun

A set of twelve. · A large, unspecified number of, comfortably estimated in small multiples of twelve, thus generally implied to be significantly more than ten or twelve, but less than perhaps one or two hundred; many. · An old English measure of ore containing 12 hundredweight. · The number twelve.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English dozen, dozein, doseyne, from Old French dozaine (“a group of twelve”) (Modern French douzaine), from doze (“twelve”) + -aine (“-ish”), from Latin duodecim (“twelve”) (from duo (“two”) + decem (“ten”)) + -ana (“-ish”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentiondozenenm
  • Derivation mentiondozainefro · a group of twelve
  • Derivation mentionduodecimla · twelve
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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        "1": "en",
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        "3": "dozen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English dozen"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
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        "2": "fro",
        "3": "dozaine",
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    },
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    }
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      "doseyne",
      "doseyne#Middle_English"
    ],
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      "dozaine",
      "dozaine#Old_French"
    ],
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      "douzaine",
      "douzaine#French"
    ],
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      "doze",
      "doze#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "-aine",
      "-aine#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "duodecim",
      "duodecim#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "duo",
      "duo#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "decem",
      "decem#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "-ana",
      "-ana#Latin"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Tok Pisin",
      "lang_code": "tpi",
      "word": "dasan"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "lang_code": "bn",
      "word": "ডজন",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "ḍojon"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Chinese",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "word": "打",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "roman": "dá",
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "lang_code": "vi",
          "word": "tá",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "word": "दर्जन",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "darjan"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Fiji Hindi",
      "lang_code": "hif",
      "word": "darjan",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "word": "ダース",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "roman": "dāsu",
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Korean",
          "lang_code": "ko",
          "word": "다스",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "roman": "daseu"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Manx",
      "lang_code": "gv",
      "word": "dussan",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
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      "lang": "Māori",
      "lang_code": "mi",
      "word": "taihana",
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        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "lang_code": "gd",
      "word": "dusan",
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    },
    {
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "lang_code": "sw",
      "word": "dazeni",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "word": "dwsin",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
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        "A set of twelve.",
        "A large, unspecified number of, comfortably estimated in small multiples of twelve, thus generally implied to be significantly more than ten or twelve, but less than perhaps one or two hundred; many.",
        "An old English measure of ore containing 12 hundredweight.",
        "The number twelve."
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}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

A member of a K-pop group who has no talent.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From a deliberate misspelling of doesn't, originally referring to someone who "dozen sing, dozen rap, dozen do anything."

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [],
  "links": [
    [
      "doesn't",
      "doesn't"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A member of a K-pop group who has no talent."
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for dozen →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-ZG96ZW4