*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of dowel

From Middle English dowle, dule, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Old French doelle (“the hollow part of a tool where the handle is”), from Frankish *duli (“hollow tube, pipe”), from Proto-Germanic *dulją (“pipe”), from

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
verb

To fasten together with dowels. · To furnish with dowels.

noun

A pin, or block, of wood or metal, fitting into holes in the abutting portions of two pieces, and being partly in one piece and partly in the other, to keep them in their proper relative position. · A wooden rod, as one to make short pins from. · A piece of wood or similar material fitted into a surface not suitable for fastening so that other pieces may be fastened to it.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English dowle, dule, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Old French doelle (“the hollow part of a tool where the handle is”), from Frankish *duli (“hollow tube, pipe”), from Proto-Germanic *dulją (“pipe”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰel- (“curvature, hollow”). If so, then cognate with French douelle, douille. Alternatively from Middle Low German dövel (“peg, plug”), from Old Saxon *dubil, from Proto-Germanic *dubilaz. If so, then cognate with Dutch deuvel (“wooden peg”), German Dübel (“dowel”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentiondowleenm
  • Derivation mentiondoellefro · the hollow part of a tool where the handle is
  • Derivation mention*duljągem-pro · pipe
  • Derivation mention*dʰel-ine-pro
  • Cognate mentiondouellefr
  • Derivation mentiondövelgml · peg, plug
  • Derivation mention*dubilosx
  • Derivation mention*dubilazgem-pro
  • Cognate mentiondeuvelnl · wooden peg
  • Cognate mentionDübelde · dowel
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "dowle"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English dowle"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "doelle",
        "t": "the hollow part of a tool where the handle is"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French doelle (“the hollow part of a tool where the handle is”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*duli",
        "t": "hollow tube, pipe"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *duli (“hollow tube, pipe”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*dulją",
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      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dulją (“pipe”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰel-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "curvature, hollow"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰel- (“curvature, hollow”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "douelle"
      },
      "expansion": "French douelle"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "dövel",
        "t": "peg, plug"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German dövel (“peg, plug”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "osx",
        "3": "*dubil"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon *dubil"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*dubilaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dubilaz"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "deuvel",
        "t": "wooden peg"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch deuvel (“wooden peg”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Dübel",
        "t": "dowel"
      },
      "expansion": "German Dübel (“dowel”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "dowle",
      "dowle#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "dule",
      "dule#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "doelle",
      "doelle#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "*duli",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/duli"
    ],
    [
      "*dulją",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dulją"
    ],
    [
      "*dʰel-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰel-"
    ],
    [
      "douelle",
      "douelle#French"
    ],
    [
      "douille",
      "douille#French"
    ],
    [
      "dövel",
      "dovel#Middle_Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "*dubil",
      "Reconstruction:Old Saxon/dubil"
    ],
    [
      "*dubilaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dubilaz"
    ],
    [
      "deuvel",
      "deuvel#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "Dübel",
      "Dübel#German"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To fasten together with dowels.",
        "To furnish with dowels."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
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      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 236090
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    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A pin, or block, of wood or metal, fitting into holes in the abutting portions of two pieces, and being partly in one piece and partly in the other, to keep them in their proper relative position.",
        "A wooden rod, as one to make short pins from.",
        "A piece of wood or similar material fitted into a surface not suitable for fastening so that other pieces may be fastened to it."
      ],
      "tags": [],
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  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
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    "lexicalSenses": 0,
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  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for dowel →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-ZG93ZWw