Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗noun
The flesh around the teeth.
verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo chew, especially of a toothless person or animal. · To deepen and enlarge the spaces between the teeth of (a worn saw), as with a gummer.
From Middle English gom, gome, gomme, goome, gum, gume, gumme, from Old English gōma (“palate”), from Proto-West Germanic *gōmō, from Proto-Germanic *gaumô, *gōmô (“palate”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂- (“to gape, yawn”). Cognates Cognate with Cimbrian gaumo (“palate”), German Gaum, Gaumen (“palate”), Luxembourgish Gomm, Gumm (“palate”), Yiddish גומען (gumen, “palate”), Danish gumme (“gums”), Icelandic gómur (“gum”), Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish gom (“palate”); also Latin hio (“to gape, yawn”), Ancient Greek χάσκω (kháskō, “to gape, yawn”), Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”), Bulgarian зе́я (zéja, “to gape”), Czech zát, zet (“to gape”), Polish ziać (“to pant”), Russian зия́ть (zijátʹ, “to gape, yawn”), Serbo-Croatian зи́јати, zíjati (“to gape, yawn”), Ukrainian зя́яти (zjájaty, “to gape”), Tocharian A koy- (“mouth”), Tocharian B koyn (“mouth”). More at yawn.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentiongomenm
- Inherited-form mentiongōmaang · palate
- Inherited-form mention*gōmōgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*gaumôgem-pro
- Derivation mention*ǵʰeh₂-ine-pro · to gape, yawn
- Cognate mentiongaumocim · palate
- Cognate mentionGaumde
- Cognate mentionGommlb
- Cognate mentionגומעןyi · palate
- Cognate mentiongummeda · gums
- Cognate mentiongómuris · gum
- Cognate mentionhiola · to gape, yawn
- Cognate mentionχάσκωgrc · to gape, yawn
- Cognate mentiongomurỹslt · palate
- Cognate mentionзе́яbg · to gape
- Cognate mentionzátcs
- Cognate mentionziaćpl · to pant
- Cognate mentionзия́тьru · to gape, yawn
- Cognate mentionзи́јатиsh
- Cognate mentionзя́ятиuk · to gape
- Cognate mentionkoy-xto · mouth
- Cognate mentionkoyntxb · mouth
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"id": "flesh"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gom"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gom"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "gōma",
"t": "palate"
},
"expansion": "Old English gōma (“palate”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*gōmō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gōmō"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gaumô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gaumô"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰeh₂-",
"t": "to gape, yawn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂- (“to gape, yawn”)"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "gaumo",
"t": "palate"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian gaumo (“palate”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gaum"
},
"expansion": "German Gaum"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Gomm"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish Gomm"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "גומען",
"t": "palate"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish גומען (gumen, “palate”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gumme",
"t": "gums"
},
"expansion": "Danish gumme (“gums”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gómur",
"t": "gum"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic gómur (“gum”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn,sv",
"2": "gom",
"t": "palate"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish gom (“palate”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hio",
"t": "to gape, yawn"
},
"expansion": "Latin hio (“to gape, yawn”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χάσκω",
"t": "to gape, yawn"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χάσκω (kháskō, “to gape, yawn”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gomurỹs",
"t": "palate"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "зе́я",
"t": "to gape"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian зе́я (zéja, “to gape”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zát"
},
"expansion": "Czech zát"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ziać",
"t": "to pant"
},
"expansion": "Polish ziać (“to pant”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "зия́ть",
"t": "to gape, yawn"
},
"expansion": "Russian зия́ть (zijátʹ, “to gape, yawn”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "зи́јати"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian зи́јати"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "зя́яти",
"t": "to gape"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian зя́яти (zjájaty, “to gape”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "koy-",
"t": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A koy- (“mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "koyn",
"t": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B koyn (“mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"id": "flesh"
},
"expansion": ""
}
],
"links": [
[
"gom",
"gom#Middle_English"
],
[
"gome",
"gome#Middle_English"
],
[
"gomme",
"gomme#Middle_English"
],
[
"goome",
"goome#Middle_English"
],
[
"gum",
"gum#Middle_English"
],
[
"gume",
"gume#Middle_English"
],
[
"gumme",
"gumme#Middle_English"
],
[
"gōma",
"goma#Old_English"
],
[
"*gōmō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/gōmō"
],
[
"*gaumô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gaumô"
],
[
"*gōmô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gōmô"
],
[
"*ǵʰeh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰeh₂-"
],
[
"gaumo",
"gaumo#Cimbrian"
],
[
"Gaum",
"Gaum#German"
],
[
"Gaumen",
"Gaumen#German"
],
[
"Gomm",
"Gomm#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"Gumm",
"Gumm#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"גומען",
"גומען#Yiddish"
],
[
"gumme",
"gumme#Danish"
],
[
"gómur",
"gómur#Icelandic"
],
[
"Norwegian Nynorsk",
"gom#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"gom",
"gom#Swedish"
],
[
"hio",
"hio#Latin"
],
[
"χάσκω",
"χάσκω#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"gomurỹs",
"gomurys#Lithuanian"
],
[
"зе́я",
"зея#Bulgarian"
],
[
"zát",
"zát#Czech"
],
[
"zet",
"zet#Czech"
],
[
"ziać",
"ziać#Polish"
],
[
"зия́ть",
"зиять#Russian"
],
[
"зи́јати",
"зијати#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"zíjati",
"zijati#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"зя́яти",
"зяяти#Ukrainian"
],
[
"koy-",
"koy-#Tocharian_A"
],
[
"koyn",
"koyn#Tocharian_B"
],
[
"yawn",
"yawn"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"The flesh around the teeth."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"often"
],
"recordId": "bf1e1e7fee77807c9b826bfc2e503cbd6750a068c034d8128806cb0fd184a0d7",
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 179921
},
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To chew, especially of a toothless person or animal.",
"To deepen and enlarge the spaces between the teeth of (a worn saw), as with a gummer."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
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],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
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}
}