Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗A low, mournful sound uttered in pain or grief. · A low, guttural sound uttered in frustration, disapproval, or ecstasy. · A low creaking sound from applied pressure or weight.
To make a groan. · To seemingly creak under the strain of being heavily laden. · To strive after earnestly, as if with groans.
From Middle English gronen, granen, from Old English grānian (“to groan; lament; murmur”), from Proto-West Germanic *grainōn, from Proto-Germanic *grainōną (“to howl; weep”), from Proto-Germanic *grīnaną (“to whine; howl; whimper”). Cognate with Scots grain (“to cry, scream”), Dutch grijnen, grienen (“to cry; sob; blubber”), German Low German grienen (“to whimper; mewl”), German greinen (“to whine; whimper”), Swedish grina (“to howl; weep; laugh”). The noun is from Middle English gron, grone, from the verb.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentiongronenenm
- Inherited-form mentiongrānianang · to groan; lament; murmur
- Inherited-form mention*grainōngmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*grainōnągem-pro · to howl; weep
- Derivation mention*grīnanągem-pro · to whine; howl; whimper
- Cognate mentiongrainsco · to cry, scream
- Cognate mentiongrijnennl
- Cognate mentiongreinende · to whine; whimper
- Cognate mentiongrinasv · to howl; weep; laugh
- Inherited-form mentiongronenm
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gronen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gronen"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grānian",
"t": "to groan; lament; murmur"
},
"expansion": "Old English grānian (“to groan; lament; murmur”)"
},
{
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},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grainōn"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
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"3": "*grainōną",
"t": "to howl; weep"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grainōną (“to howl; weep”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
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"3": "*grīnaną",
"t": "to whine; howl; whimper"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grīnaną (“to whine; howl; whimper”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "grain",
"t": "to cry, scream"
},
"expansion": "Scots grain (“to cry, scream”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grijnen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch grijnen"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "grienen",
"t": "to whimper; mewl"
},
"expansion": "German Low German grienen (“to whimper; mewl”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "greinen",
"t": "to whine; whimper"
},
"expansion": "German greinen (“to whine; whimper”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "grina",
"t": "to howl; weep; laugh"
},
"expansion": "Swedish grina (“to howl; weep; laugh”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gron"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gron"
}
],
"links": [
[
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],
[
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],
[
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"granian#Old_English"
],
[
"*grainōn",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grainōn"
],
[
"*grainōną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grainōną"
],
[
"*grīnaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grīnaną"
],
[
"grain",
"grain#Scots"
],
[
"grijnen",
"grijnen#Dutch"
],
[
"grienen",
"grienen#Dutch"
],
[
"grienen",
"grienen#Low_German"
],
[
"greinen",
"greinen#German"
],
[
"grina",
"grina#Swedish"
],
[
"gron",
"gron#Middle_English"
],
[
"grone",
"grone#Middle_English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A low, mournful sound uttered in pain or grief.",
"A low, guttural sound uttered in frustration, disapproval, or ecstasy.",
"A low creaking sound from applied pressure or weight."
],
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{
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"glosses": [
"To make a groan.",
"To seemingly creak under the strain of being heavily laden.",
"To strive after earnestly, as if with groans."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"obsolete"
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