*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of grain

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-nóm Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂-nós Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm Proto-Italic *grānom Latin grānum Old French grainbor. Middle English greyn English grain

2 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 2 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
verb

To feed grain to. · To make granular; to form into grains. · To form grains, or to assume a granular form, as the result of crystallization; to granulate. · To texture a surface in imitation of the grain of a substance such as wood.

noun

The harvested seeds of various grass food crops, especially wheat, maize, rye, barley, and rice. · Similar seeds from any food crop, e.g., buckwheat, amaranth, quinoa. · A single seed of a food crop, especially a cereal grass crop. · The crops from which grain is harvested.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-nóm Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂-nós Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm Proto-Italic *grānom Latin grānum Old French grainbor. Middle English greyn English grain From Middle English greyn, grayn, grein, from Old French grain, grein, from Latin grānum (“seed”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm (“grain”). Doublet of corn, gram, granum, and grao.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

This page abbreviates 19 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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    },
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      "expansion": "Old French grain"
    },
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      "name": "der",
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        "2": "la",
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      "expansion": "Latin grānum (“seed”)"
    },
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    ],
    [
      "*ǵr̥h₂nóm",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵr̥h₂nóm"
    ],
    [
      "*grānom",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/grānom"
    ],
    [
      "grānum",
      "granum#Latin"
    ],
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      "grain",
      "grain#Old_French"
    ],
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      "greyn",
      "greyn#Middle_English:_seeds"
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      "greyn",
      "greyn#Middle_English"
    ],
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      "grayn",
      "grayn#Middle_English"
    ],
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      "grein",
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      "grain",
      "grain#Old_French"
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    ],
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      "grānum",
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵr̥h₂nóm"
    ],
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      "corn",
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    ],
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      "gram",
      "gram#English"
    ],
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      "granum#English"
    ],
    [
      "grao",
      "grao#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
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      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To feed grain to.",
        "To make granular; to form into grains.",
        "To form grains, or to assume a granular form, as the result of crystallization; to granulate.",
        "To texture a surface in imitation of the grain of a substance such as wood."
      ],
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Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

A branch of a tree; a stalk or stem of a plant; an offshoot. · One of the branches of a valley or river. · An iron fish spear or harpoon, with a number of points half-barbed inwardly. · A blade of a sword, knife, etc.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *grainiz Old Norse greinbor. Middle English grayn English grain From Middle English grayn, from Old Norse grein (“bough, branch”), from Proto-Germanic *grainiz (“branch, twig, ramification”), of unknown origin. Related to English grove (“thicket”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentiongraynenm
  • Derivation mentiongreinnon · bough, branch
  • Derivation mention*grainizgem-pro · branch, twig, ramification
  • Cognate mentiongroveen · thicket

This page abbreviates 7 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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    {
      "name": "etymon",
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    },
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    },
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for grain →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-Z3JhaW4