*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of grub

From Middle English grubben, grobben, from Old English *grubbian, from Proto-West Germanic *grubb-, from Proto-Germanic *grubb- (compare Middle Dutch grobben (“to scrape, scramble, grab”), Old High German grubilōn (“to d

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
noun

An insect, especially a beetle, at an immature stage of its life cycle. · Food. · A dirty person. · A despicable person; a lowlife.

verb

To scavenge or in some way scrounge, typically for food. · To dig; to dig up by the roots; to root out by digging; often followed by up. · To supply with food. · To eat.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English grubben, grobben, from Old English *grubbian, from Proto-West Germanic *grubb-, from Proto-Germanic *grubb- (compare Middle Dutch grobben (“to scrape, scramble, grab”), Old High German grubilōn (“to dig, search”), German grübeln (“to meditate, ponder”)), from Proto-Germanic *grub- (“to dig”) (see *grabaną). The noun sense of "larva" is from Middle English grub, grubbe, grobbe, crubbe and may derive from the notion of "digging insect" from the verb above, or from the uncertainly related Middle English grub (“dwarfish fellow”). Compare West Frisian krobbe (“beetle”). The slang sense of "food" is first recorded 1659, and has been linked with birds eating grubs or with bub (“drink”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*gʰrebʰ-ine-pro
  • Inherited-form mentiongrubbenenm
  • Inherited-form mention*grubbianang
  • Derivation mention*grubb-gmw-pro
  • Derivation mention*grubb-gem-pro
  • Cognate mentiongrobbendum · to scrape, scramble, grab
  • Cognate mentiongrubilōngoh · to dig, search
  • Cognate mentiongrübelnde · to meditate, ponder
  • Derivation mention*grub-gem-pro · to dig
  • Inherited-form mentiongrubenm
  • Cognate mentiongrubenm · dwarfish fellow
  • Cognate mentionkrobbefy · beetle

This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰrebʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "grubben"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English grubben"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "*grubbian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English *grubbian"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*grubb-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grubb-"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*grubb-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grubb-"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "grobben",
        "t": "to scrape, scramble, grab"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch grobben (“to scrape, scramble, grab”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "grubilōn",
        "t": "to dig, search"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German grubilōn (“to dig, search”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "grübeln",
        "t": "to meditate, ponder"
      },
      "expansion": "German grübeln (“to meditate, ponder”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*grub-",
        "t": "to dig"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grub- (“to dig”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "grub"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English grub"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "grub",
        "t": "dwarfish fellow"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English grub (“dwarfish fellow”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "krobbe",
        "t": "beetle"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian krobbe (“beetle”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "grubben",
      "grubben#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "grobben",
      "grobben#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "*grubbian",
      "Reconstruction:Old English/grubbian"
    ],
    [
      "*grubb-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grubb-"
    ],
    [
      "*grubb-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grubb-"
    ],
    [
      "grobben",
      "grobben#Middle_Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "grubilōn",
      "grubilon#Old_High_German"
    ],
    [
      "grübeln",
      "grübeln#German"
    ],
    [
      "*grub-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grub-"
    ],
    [
      "*grabaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grabaną"
    ],
    [
      "grub",
      "grub#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "grubbe",
      "grubbe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "grobbe",
      "grobbe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "crubbe",
      "crubbe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "grub",
      "grub#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "krobbe",
      "krobbe#West_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "bub",
      "bub#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "An insect, especially a beetle, at an immature stage of its life cycle.",
        "Food.",
        "A dirty person.",
        "A despicable person; a lowlife."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "slang",
        "uncountable",
        "Australia"
      ],
      "recordId": "b65f9562ccc7832b881daacada864b40f553c608a42704540f43f38ec4d20559",
      "rawRecordSha256": "a647b4173b0c2d76c694087cbfed1ff517cdcba30c9478541040d9cfd442f1cc",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 168104
    },
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To scavenge or in some way scrounge, typically for food.",
        "To dig; to dig up by the roots; to root out by digging; often followed by up.",
        "To supply with food.",
        "To eat."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive",
        "ambitransitive",
        "dated",
        "slang"
      ],
      "recordId": "f9447fb062ac7d5b7e8e8943c7067996408969be9108f039fb9bd5148eee3590",
      "rawRecordSha256": "8839520751a41c2643a757286e884cee0d822f679404b7aa18db8ffe8e412be0",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 168105
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 1,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for grub →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-Z3J1Yg