*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of gelid

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gel- Latin gelū̆ Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der. Proto-Italic *-iðos Latin -idus Latin gelidus English gelid First attested in 1630. From Latin gelidus (“cold”), from gelu (“frost”).

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
adj

Very cold; icy or frosty; frigid.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gel- Latin gelū̆ Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der. Proto-Italic *-iðos Latin -idus Latin gelidus English gelid First attested in 1630. From Latin gelidus (“cold”), from gelu (“frost”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*gel-ine-pro
  • Unspecified derivation mentiongelidusla
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":uder",
        "3": "la:gelidus",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gel-\nLatin gelū̆\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *-iðos\nLatin -idus\nLatin gelidus\nEnglish gelid\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"gelū̆\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-iðos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-idus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"gelidus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"gelid\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"gelid\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gel-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "uder",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "gelidus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "cold"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin gelidus (“cold”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
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        "1": "en",
        "2": ":uder",
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        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gel-\nLatin gelū̆\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *-iðos\nLatin -idus\nLatin gelidus\nEnglish gelid"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*gel-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gel-#Proto-Indo-European:_freeze"
    ],
    [
      "gelū̆",
      "gelu#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "*dʰeh₁-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
    ],
    [
      "*-iðos",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-iðos"
    ],
    [
      "-idus",
      "-idus#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "gelidus",
      "gelidus#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "gelidus",
      "gelidus#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "gelu",
      "gelu#Latin"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "adj",
      "glosses": [
        "Very cold; icy or frosty; frigid."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
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      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 254383
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
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    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for gelid →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-Z2VsaWQ