Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗verb
To apply (cosmetic) gel to (the hair, etc). · To convert (a substance) into gel form. · To become a gel: to set up. · To develop a rapport.
noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA semi-solid to almost solid colloid of a solid and a liquid, such as jelly, cheese or opal. · A food preparation or dish in the form of a flavored gel. · Any gel intended for a particular cosmetic use, such as for styling the hair. · A film of flexible transparent plastic (such as acetate, celluloid, or cellophane) suitable for making superimpositions or diapositives (image to overlay on other images, especially for overhead projectors); a digital virtual equivalent of this.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gel- Latin gelū Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin gelāre Italian gelareder. Italian gelatinabor. French gélatinebor. English gelatinclip. English gel Coined by Thomas Graham in the mid 19th century as a clipping of gelatin, from French gélatine, from Italian gelatina, diminutive form of gelata (“iced”), from Latin gelāta, past participle of gelō (“to freeze”), from gelū (“frost”), from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”). For the meaning development compare with Russian сту́день (stúdenʹ, “aspic, jelly, gel”) related to студёный (studjónyj, “cold”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":clipping",
"3": "gelatin",
"id": "gelatin",
"tree": "1"
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gel-\nLatin gelū\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin gelāre\nItalian gelareder.\nItalian gelatinabor.\nFrench gélatinebor.\nEnglish gelatinclip.\nEnglish gel\n[Appendix:Glossary#clipping|Clipping]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"gelāre\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"frost\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"freeze\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gel-\", \"gloss\" : \"cold\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"gelū\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"gelō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"gelare\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"gelatina\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"gélatine\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"gelatin\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"clipping\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"gel\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"gelatin\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"gel\" id=\"English:_gelatin\">"
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"w": "Thomas Graham (chemist)",
"in": "the mid 19th century",
"nobycat": "1"
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"expansion": "Coined by Thomas Graham in the mid 19th century"
},
{
"name": "clipping",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gelatin",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "clipping of gelatin"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "gélatine"
},
"expansion": "French gélatine"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "gelatina"
},
"expansion": "Italian gelatina"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gelatus",
"4": "gelāta"
},
"expansion": "Latin gelāta"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gel-",
"4": "",
"5": "cold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”)"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "сту́день",
"3": "",
"4": "aspic, jelly, gel"
},
"expansion": "Russian сту́день (stúdenʹ, “aspic, jelly, gel”)"
},
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":clipping",
"3": "gelatin",
"id": "gelatin",
"tree": "1"
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gel-\nLatin gelū\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin gelāre\nItalian gelareder.\nItalian gelatinabor.\nFrench gélatinebor.\nEnglish gelatinclip.\nEnglish gel"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*gel-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gel-#Proto-Indo-European:_freeze"
],
[
"gelū",
"gelu#Latin:_frost"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_suf"
],
[
"*-h₂ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂ti"
],
[
"*-āō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āō#Proto-Italic:_suf"
],
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
"gelāre",
"gelo#Latin"
],
[
"gelare",
"gelare#Italian"
],
[
"gelatina",
"gelatina#Italian"
],
[
"gélatine",
"gélatine#French"
],
[
"gelatin",
"gelatin#English"
],
[
"gelatin",
"gelatin#English"
],
[
"gélatine",
"gélatine#French"
],
[
"gelatina",
"gelatina#Italian"
],
[
"gelata",
"gelato#Italian"
],
[
"gelāta",
"gelatus#Latin"
],
[
"gelō",
"gelo#Latin"
],
[
"gelū",
"gelu#Latin"
],
[
"*gel-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gel-"
],
[
"сту́день",
"студень#Russian"
],
[
"aspic",
"aspic"
],
[
"jelly",
"jelly"
],
[
"студёный",
"студёный#Russian"
]
],
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{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To apply (cosmetic) gel to (the hair, etc).",
"To convert (a substance) into gel form.",
"To become a gel: to set up.",
"To develop a rapport."
],
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"A food preparation or dish in the form of a flavored gel.",
"Any gel intended for a particular cosmetic use, such as for styling the hair.",
"A film of flexible transparent plastic (such as acetate, celluloid, or cellophane) suitable for making superimpositions or diapositives (image to overlay on other images, especially for overhead projectors); a digital virtual equivalent of this."
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