Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA person who plays any kind of game. · A person whose hobby is video games. · A person who games the system. · A gambler.
Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *gamaną Proto-West Germanic *gaman Old English gamen Middle English game Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-os? Proto-Indo-European *-o- Proto-Indo-European *-so- Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂so- Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós Proto-Italic *-āsijos Proto-Italic *-āsios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere Middle English gamer English gamer From Middle English gamer, attested since before 1450 as a common noun and possibly since 1248 in the name of one Johannes le Gamer. Equivalent to game (noun) + -er (occupational suffix).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentiongamerenm
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:gamer<id:player of any game>",
"id": "player of any game",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *gamaną\nProto-West Germanic *gaman\nOld English gamen\nMiddle English game\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nMiddle English gamer\nEnglish gamer\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*gaman\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"gamen\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"game\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }, { \"id\" : \"agentive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-āsijos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂s(i)yós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-o-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āsios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"gamer\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"gamer\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"player of any game\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"gamer\" id=\"English:_player_of_any_game\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gamer"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gamer"
},
{
"name": "suf",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "game",
"3": "-er",
"pos1": "noun",
"pos2": "occupational suffix",
"id2": "occupation"
},
"expansion": "game (noun) + -er (occupational suffix)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:gamer<id:player of any game>",
"id": "player of any game",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *gamaną\nProto-West Germanic *gaman\nOld English gamen\nMiddle English game\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nMiddle English gamer\nEnglish gamer"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*gamaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gamaną"
],
[
"*gaman",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/gaman#Proto-West_Germanic:_fun"
],
[
"gamen",
"gamen#Old_English:_form_of_entertainment"
],
[
"game",
"game#Middle_English:_form_of_entertainment"
],
[
"*-eh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"*-āsios",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āsios#Proto-Italic:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"*-ārijaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ārijaz#Proto-Germanic:_noun"
],
[
"*-ārī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-ārī#Proto-West_Germanic:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Old_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Middle_English:_agentive"
],
[
"gamer",
"gamer#Middle_English:_player_of_any_game"
],
[
"gamer",
"gamer#Middle_English"
],
[
"game",
"game#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_occupation"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"word": "геймър",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "gejmăr"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "gamer",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "gamer",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "gamer",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"word": "გეიმერი",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "geimeri"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Gamer",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Gulf Arabic",
"lang_code": "afb",
"word": "قيمر",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "gēmar"
},
{
"lang": "Gulf Arabic",
"lang_code": "afb",
"word": "گيمر",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "gēmar"
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"word": "ゲーマー",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "gēmā"
},
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "게이머",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "geimeo"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"word": "ге́јмер",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "géjmer"
},
{
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"word": "گیمر",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "geymer"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "gamer",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "guêimer",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "ге́ймер",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "géjmer"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "gamer",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "gamer",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"word": "ге́ймер",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "héjmer"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"word": "ґе́ймер",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "géjmer"
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A person who plays any kind of game.",
"A person whose hobby is video games.",
"A person who games the system.",
"A gambler."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"recordId": "08f22e3dd577a168a5140d027ff3843b5d8030e1f8aff8953a622a0af0bc86d8",
"rawRecordSha256": "662ae7d49af6de0eb62aa165530ef6255e2e957cd7d2ed8fb07bbbec854585f5",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 188144
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
"glosses": 0
}
}