Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo gape; yawn.
From Middle English galpen, from Old English *galpian, *ġealpian (“to gape, yawn, gulp”), suggested by derivative Old English ġealpettan (“to gulp down, eat greedily, devour”), from Proto-West Germanic *galpōn, from Proto-Germanic *galpōną (“to gape, yawn, sound out, yap”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to call, cry out, shout, scream”). Cognate with North Frisian galpe (“to shout”), Saterland Frisian galpje (“to call, cry out, resound”), Low German galpen (“to bellow, roar, howl, bark”), Dutch galpen (“to yell, shout, howl”), dialectal Swedish galpa (“to screech, scream”), French japper (“to yelp, bark”). More at yelp.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentiongalpenenm
- Inherited-form mention*galpianang
- Cognate mentionġealpettanang · to gulp down, eat greedily, devour
- Inherited-form mention*galpōngmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*galpōnągem-pro · to gape, yawn, sound out, yap
- Derivation mention*gʰel-ine-pro · to call, cry out, shout, scream
- Cognate mentiongalpefrr · to shout
- Cognate mentiongalpjestq · to call, cry out, resound
- Cognate mentiongalpennds · to bellow, roar, howl, bark
- Cognate mentiongalpennl · to yell, shout, howl
- Cognate mentionjapperfr · to yelp, bark
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "galpen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English galpen"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*galpian"
},
"expansion": "Old English *galpian"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġealpettan",
"t": "to gulp down, eat greedily, devour"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġealpettan (“to gulp down, eat greedily, devour”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*galpōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *galpōn"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*galpōną",
"t": "to gape, yawn, sound out, yap"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *galpōną (“to gape, yawn, sound out, yap”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰel-",
"t": "to call, cry out, shout, scream"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to call, cry out, shout, scream”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "galpe",
"t": "to shout"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian galpe (“to shout”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "galpje",
"t": "to call, cry out, resound"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian galpje (“to call, cry out, resound”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "galpen",
"t": "to bellow, roar, howl, bark"
},
"expansion": "Low German galpen (“to bellow, roar, howl, bark”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "galpen",
"t": "to yell, shout, howl"
},
"expansion": "Dutch galpen (“to yell, shout, howl”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "japper",
"t": "to yelp, bark"
},
"expansion": "French japper (“to yelp, bark”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"galpen",
"galpen#Middle_English"
],
[
"*galpian",
"Reconstruction:Old English/galpian"
],
[
"*ġealpian",
"Reconstruction:Old English/gealpian"
],
[
"ġealpettan",
"gealpettan#Old_English"
],
[
"*galpōn",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/galpōn"
],
[
"*galpōną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/galpōną"
],
[
"*gʰel-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰel-"
],
[
"galpe",
"galpe#North_Frisian"
],
[
"galpje",
"galpje#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"galpen",
"galpen#Low_German"
],
[
"galpen",
"galpen#Dutch"
],
[
"galpa",
"galpa#Swedish"
],
[
"japper",
"japper#French"
],
[
"yelp",
"yelp#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To gape; yawn."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"intransitive"
],
"recordId": "6d60cc23badbc618ffb16712039e00aaaeb5481bc6796f111e4a6e2986d3b6f9",
"rawRecordSha256": "61e64636465b1a168d74aa8e50cb3d7275d898c9013fc3423328f3947f7ec218",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 5310374
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
"glosses": 0
}
}