*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of gorse

From Middle English gorst, gors, from Old English gors, gorst, from Proto-West Germanic *gorst, from Proto-Germanic *gurstaz or Proto-West Germanic *gerstu (“barley”). Akin to German Gerste (“barley”) and Latin hordeum (

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
noun

An evergreen shrub, of the genus Ulex, having thorns, spiny leaves, and yellow flowers.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English gorst, gors, from Old English gors, gorst, from Proto-West Germanic *gorst, from Proto-Germanic *gurstaz or Proto-West Germanic *gerstu (“barley”). Akin to German Gerste (“barley”) and Latin hordeum (“barley”). Also compare Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to bristle”), whence Proto-Celtic *garwos.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentiongorstenm
  • Inherited-form mentiongorsang
  • Inherited-form mention*gorstgmw-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*gurstazgem-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*gerstugmw-pro · barley
  • Cognate mentionGerstede
  • Cognate mentionhordeumla
  • Inherited-form mention*ǵʰer-ine-pro
  • Cognate mention*garwoscel-pro
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "gorst"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English gorst"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "gors"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English gors"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*gorst"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gorst"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gurstaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gurstaz"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*gerstu",
        "t": "barley"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gerstu (“barley”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Gerste",
        "3": "",
        "4": "barley"
      },
      "expansion": "German Gerste (“barley”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "hordeum",
        "3": "",
        "4": "barley"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin hordeum (“barley”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰer-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to bristle"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to bristle”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*garwos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *garwos"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "gorst",
      "gorst#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "gors",
      "gors#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "gors",
      "gors#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "gorst",
      "gorst#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*gorst",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/gorst"
    ],
    [
      "*gurstaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gurstaz"
    ],
    [
      "*gerstu",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/gerstu"
    ],
    [
      "Gerste",
      "Gerste#German"
    ],
    [
      "hordeum",
      "hordeum#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "*ǵʰer-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰer-"
    ],
    [
      "*garwos",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/garwos"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "An evergreen shrub, of the genus Ulex, having thorns, spiny leaves, and yellow flowers."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "recordId": "2646a7dbd8f6053f377d2bcaa5012b3089803aa0cb7979dac898aa2575e9eb39",
      "rawRecordSha256": "e1c84f7bf78cd437ab0f76702feb8c8cd2dd8e4f0f48e050cfd51313e537bb60",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 450061
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for gorse →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-Z29yc2U