Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗intj
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryThat is good; an elliptical exclamation of satisfaction or commendation.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ-der. Proto-Germanic *gadanąvṛd. Proto-Germanic *gōdaz Proto-West Germanic *gōd Old English gōd Middle English good English good Inherited from Middle English good, from Old English gōd, from Proto-West Germanic *gōd, from Proto-Germanic *gōdaz (“good”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- (“to unite, be associated, suit, fit”). Related to gather and together, but not to god/God. Eclipsed non-native Middle English bon, bone, boon, boun (“good”) borrowed from Old French bon (“good”), from Latin bonus (“good”). Cognates Cognate with Scots gude, guid (“good”), Yola gayde, gooude, gude (“good”), North Frisian goud, gud, guid, gur, gödj, gööd (“good”), Saterland Frisian goud (“good”), West Frisian goed (“good”), Alemannic German guet (“good”), Bavarian guad (“good”), Central Franconian gut, jot, jott (“good”), Cimbrian guat, guut (“good”), Dutch goed (“good”), Dutch Low Saxon good (“good”), German gut (“good”), Limburgish good, gott (“good”), Low German god, goot, got, gued (“good”), Luxembourgish gutt (“good”), Mòcheno guat (“good”), Vilamovian güt (“good”), Yiddish גוט (gut, “good”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish god (“good”), Elfdalian guoð (“good”), Faroese and Icelandic góður (“good”), Gothic 𐌲𐍉𐌸𐍃 (gōþs, “good”), Vandalic *guths (“good”); also Albanian nge (“chance, leisure, opportunity, time”), Latvian gods (“honor”), Lithuanian guõdas (“nobleness, virtue; glory, honour”), Belarusian го́дны (hódny, “worthy”), Bulgarian го́ден (góden, “fit, suitable”), Czech hodný (“good, kind”), Polish godny, godzien (“dignified, worthy”), Russian го́дный (gódnyj, “fit, well-suited, good for; (coll.) good”), Ukrainian гі́дний (hídnyj, “deserving, worthy”), го́дний (hódnyj, “fit, well-suited, good for; (coll.) good”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*gʰedʰ-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentiongoodenm
- Inherited-form mentiongōdang
- Inherited-form mention*gōdgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*gōdazgem-pro · good
- Derivation mention*gʰedʰ-ine-pro · to unite, be associated, suit, fit
- Non-cognate comparisonbonenm
- Non-cognate comparisonbonfro · good
- Non-cognate comparisonbonusla · good
- Cognate mentiongudesco
- Cognate mentiongaydeyol
- Cognate mentiongoudfrr
- Cognate mentiongoudstq · good
- Cognate mentiongoedfy · good
- Cognate mentionguetgsw · good
- Cognate mentionguadbar · good
- Cognate mentiongutgmw-cfr
- Cognate mentionguatcim
- Cognate mentiongoednl · good
- Cognate mentiongutde · good
- Cognate mentiongoodli
- Cognate mentiongodnds
- Cognate mentionguttlb · good
- Cognate mentionguatmhn · good
- Cognate mentiongütwym · good
- Cognate mentionגוטyi · good
- Cognate mentionguoðovd · good
- Cognate mention𐌲𐍉𐌸𐍃got · good
- Cognate mention*guthsxvn · good
- Cognate mentionngesq · chance, leisure, opportunity, time
- Cognate mentiongodslv · honor
- Cognate mentionguõdaslt · nobleness, virtue; glory, honour
- Cognate mentionго́дныbe · worthy
- Cognate mentionго́денbg · fit, suitable
- Cognate mentionhodnýcs · good, kind
- Cognate mentiongodnypl
- Cognate mentionго́дныйru · fit, well-suited, good for; (coll.) good
- Cognate mentionгі́днийuk · deserving, worthy
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:good<ety:inh<ang:gōd<id:good>>>",
"id": "positive",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ-der.\nProto-Germanic *gadanąvṛd.\nProto-Germanic *gōdaz\nProto-West Germanic *gōd\nOld English gōd\nMiddle English good\nEnglish good\n[Appendix:Glossary#vṛddhi_derivative|Vṛddhi derivative]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*gadaną\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʰedʰ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"vrd\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*gōdaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*gōd\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"gōd\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"good\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"good\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"positive\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"good\" id=\"English:_positive\">"
},
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰedʰ-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "yesno",
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I"
},
{
"name": "glossary",
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "good",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": "",
"id": "",
"sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"nocat": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English good"
},
{
"name": "inh+",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "good"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English good"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "gōd"
},
"expansion": "Old English gōd"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*gōd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gōd"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gōdaz",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gōdaz (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰedʰ-",
"t": "to unite, be associated, suit, fit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- (“to unite, be associated, suit, fit”)"
},
{
"name": "ncog",
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bon"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bon"
},
{
"name": "ncog",
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bon",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Old French bon (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "ncog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "bonus",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Latin bonus (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gude"
},
"expansion": "Scots gude"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "gayde"
},
"expansion": "Yola gayde"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "goud"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian goud"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "goud",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian goud (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "goed",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian goed (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "guet",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German guet (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "guad",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian guad (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "gut"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian gut"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "guat"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian guat"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "goed",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Dutch goed (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-nl",
"2": "good",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Dutch Low Saxon good (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gut",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "German gut (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "good"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish good"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "god"
},
"expansion": "Low German god"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "gutt",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish gutt (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "mhn",
"2": "guat",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Mòcheno guat (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "güt",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian güt (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "גוט",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish גוט (gut, “good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da,nb,nn,sv",
"2": "god",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish god (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "guoð",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian guoð (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo,is",
"2": "góður",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Faroese and Icelandic góður (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐍉𐌸𐍃",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐍉𐌸𐍃 (gōþs, “good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "xvn",
"2": "*guths",
"t": "good"
},
"expansion": "Vandalic *guths (“good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "nge",
"t": "chance, leisure, opportunity, time"
},
"expansion": "Albanian nge (“chance, leisure, opportunity, time”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gods",
"t": "honor"
},
"expansion": "Latvian gods (“honor”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "guõdas",
"t": "nobleness, virtue; glory, honour"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian guõdas (“nobleness, virtue; glory, honour”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "го́дны",
"t": "worthy"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian го́дны (hódny, “worthy”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "го́ден",
"t": "fit, suitable"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian го́ден (góden, “fit, suitable”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "hodný",
"t": "good, kind"
},
"expansion": "Czech hodný (“good, kind”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "godny"
},
"expansion": "Polish godny"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "го́дный",
"t": "fit, well-suited, good for; (coll.) good"
},
"expansion": "Russian го́дный (gódnyj, “fit, well-suited, good for; (coll.) good”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "гі́дний",
"t": "deserving, worthy"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian гі́дний (hídnyj, “deserving, worthy”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:good<ety:inh<ang:gōd<id:good>>>",
"id": "positive",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ-der.\nProto-Germanic *gadanąvṛd.\nProto-Germanic *gōdaz\nProto-West Germanic *gōd\nOld English gōd\nMiddle English good\nEnglish good"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*gʰedʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰedʰ-"
],
[
"*gōdaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gōdaz"
],
[
"*gōd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/gōd"
],
[
"gōd",
"god#Old_English:_good"
],
[
"good",
"good#Middle_English"
],
[
"good",
"good#Middle_English"
],
[
"gōd",
"god#Old_English"
],
[
"*gōd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/gōd"
],
[
"*gōdaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gōdaz"
],
[
"*gʰedʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰedʰ-"
],
[
"gather",
"gather#English"
],
[
"together",
"together#English"
],
[
"god",
"god#English"
],
[
"God",
"God#English"
],
[
"bon",
"bon#Middle_English"
],
[
"bone",
"bone#Middle_English"
],
[
"boon",
"boon#Middle_English"
],
[
"boun",
"boun#Middle_English"
],
[
"bon",
"bon#Old_French"
],
[
"bonus",
"bonus#Latin"
],
[
"gude",
"gude#Scots"
],
[
"guid",
"guid#Scots"
],
[
"gayde",
"gayde#Yola"
],
[
"gooude",
"gooude#Yola"
],
[
"gude",
"gude#Yola"
],
[
"goud",
"goud#North_Frisian"
],
[
"gud",
"gud#North_Frisian"
],
[
"guid",
"guid#North_Frisian"
],
[
"gur",
"gur#North_Frisian"
],
[
"gödj",
"gödj#North_Frisian"
],
[
"gööd",
"gööd#North_Frisian"
],
[
"goud",
"goud#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"goed",
"goed#West_Frisian"
],
[
"guet",
"guet#Alemannic_German"
],
[
"guad",
"guad#Bavarian"
],
[
"gut",
"gut#Central_Franconian"
],
[
"jot",
"jot#Central_Franconian"
],
[
"jott",
"jott#Central_Franconian"
],
[
"guat",
"guat#Cimbrian"
],
[
"guut",
"guut#Cimbrian"
],
[
"goed",
"goed#Dutch"
],
[
"good",
"good#Low_German"
],
[
"gut",
"gut#German"
],
[
"good",
"good#Limburgish"
],
[
"gott",
"gott#Limburgish"
],
[
"god",
"god#Low_German"
],
[
"goot",
"goot#Low_German"
],
[
"got",
"got#Low_German"
],
[
"gued",
"gued#Low_German"
],
[
"gutt",
"gutt#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"guat",
"guat#Mòcheno"
],
[
"güt",
"güt#Vilamovian"
],
[
"גוט",
"גוט#Yiddish"
],
[
"Danish",
"god#Danish"
],
[
"Norwegian Bokmål",
"god#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"Norwegian Nynorsk",
"god#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"god",
"god#Swedish"
],
[
"guoð",
"guoð#Elfdalian"
],
[
"Faroese",
"góður#Faroese"
],
[
"góður",
"góður#Icelandic"
],
[
"𐌲𐍉𐌸𐍃",
"𐌲𐍉𐌸𐍃#Gothic"
],
[
"*guths",
"Reconstruction:Vandalic/guths"
],
[
"nge",
"nge#Albanian"
],
[
"gods",
"gods#Latvian"
],
[
"guõdas",
"guodas#Lithuanian"
],
[
"го́дны",
"годны#Belarusian"
],
[
"го́ден",
"годен#Bulgarian"
],
[
"hodný",
"hodný#Czech"
],
[
"godny",
"godny#Polish"
],
[
"godzien",
"godzien#Polish"
],
[
"го́дный",
"годный#Russian"
],
[
"гі́дний",
"гідний#Ukrainian"
],
[
"го́дний",
"годний#Ukrainian"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "intj",
"glosses": [
"That is good; an elliptical exclamation of satisfaction or commendation."
],
"tags": [],
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