*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of golf

The word is first known in English from the 17th century as a borrowing from Middle Scots golf, gouff. Although the etymology is uncertain, the most likely origin is that it comes from the Middle Dutch colve, colf (“club

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
noun

A ball game played by individuals competing against one another in which the object is to hit a ball into each of a series of (usually 18 or nine) holes in the minimum number of strokes. · Alternative letter-case form of Golf from the NATO/ICAO Phonetic Alphabet.

verb

To play the game of golf. · To write something in as few characters as possible (e.g. in code golf, regex golf)

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

The word is first known in English from the 17th century as a borrowing from Middle Scots golf, gouff. Although the etymology is uncertain, the most likely origin is that it comes from the Middle Dutch colve, colf (“club”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *kulbaz (“club”), related to German Kolben (“piston, rod”), Swedish kolv (“piston, rod”), Old English clopp (“rock; cliff”), English kelp.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Borrowed-form mentiongolfgmw-msc
  • Derivation mentioncolvedum
  • Derivation mention*kulbazgem-pro
  • Cognate mentionKolbende · piston, rod
  • Cognate mentionkolvsv · piston, rod
  • Cognate mentioncloppang · rock; cliff
  • Cognate mentionkelpen
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "gmw-msc:golf"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Scots\", \"term\" : \"golf\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-msc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"golf\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"golf\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "glossary",
      "args": {
        "1": "borrowing"
      },
      "expansion": "borrowing"
    },
    {
      "name": "bor",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-msc",
        "3": "golf"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Scots golf"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "colve"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch colve"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kulbaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "club"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kulbaz (“club”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Kolben",
        "t": "piston, rod"
      },
      "expansion": "German Kolben (“piston, rod”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "kolv",
        "t": "piston, rod"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish kolv (“piston, rod”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "clopp",
        "t": "rock; cliff"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English clopp (“rock; cliff”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "kelp"
      },
      "expansion": "English kelp"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "gmw-msc:golf"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
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    ],
    [
      "gouff",
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    ],
    [
      "colve",
      "colve#Middle_Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "colf",
      "colf#Middle_Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "*kulbaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kulbaz"
    ],
    [
      "Kolben",
      "Kolben#German"
    ],
    [
      "kolv",
      "kolv#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "clopp",
      "clopp#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "kelp",
      "kelp#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A ball game played by individuals competing against one another in which the object is to hit a ball into each of a series of (usually 18 or nine) holes in the minimum number of strokes.",
        "Alternative letter-case form of Golf from the NATO/ICAO Phonetic Alphabet."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "alt-of"
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      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 204590
    },
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To play the game of golf.",
        "To write something in as few characters as possible (e.g. in code golf, regex golf)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ],
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      "rawRecordSha256": "333f4ec1b4723a364a3eb9e9bcded4d7142cdbfd81197cc1373abc4197f0fbb2",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 204591
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for golf →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-Z29sZg