English word origin

Etymology of bye

Variant form of by, from Old English bī (“being near”).

4 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗

In this entry · 4 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗

adj

Out of the way; remote. · Secondary; supplementary.

noun

The position of a person or team in a tournament or competition who draws no opponent in a particular round so advances to the next round unopposed, or is awarded points for a win in a league table; also the phantom opponent of such a person or team. · An extra scored when the batsmen take runs after the ball has passed the striker without hitting either the bat or the batsman. · A thing not directly aimed at; a secondary or subsidiary object, course, path, undertaking, issue, etc. · An unspecified way or place.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Variant form of by, from Old English bī (“being near”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inherited-form mentionbīang

This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bī",
        "4": "",
        "5": "being near"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bī (“being near”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "by",
      "by#English"
    ],
    [
      "bī",
      "bi#Old_English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "adj",
      "glosses": [
        "Out of the way; remote.",
        "Secondary; supplementary."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "8145ff91d0bd582c7c14d856431775c1ac0df5434cb262ba8871f5ee53dd48f5",
      "rawRecordSha256": "96650fed2e43b3c5747db979e2c2f894149cb38aa53e399cb151223d6a143d07",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 258697
    },
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "The position of a person or team in a tournament or competition who draws no opponent in a particular round so advances to the next round unopposed, or is awarded points for a win in a league table; also the phantom opponent of such a person or team.",
        "An extra scored when the batsmen take runs after the ball has passed the striker without hitting either the bat or the batsman.",
        "A thing not directly aimed at; a secondary or subsidiary object, course, path, undertaking, issue, etc.",
        "An unspecified way or place."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "Scotland"
      ],
      "recordId": "9efacac82aa7b8e2fda4507158a149b2d2c19c6c38a22ac8cc615910b8c906ee",
      "rawRecordSha256": "a81ad0b043803c24b34cda44cbbbee8125e96e16b89afe037710088d493a3d92",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 258696
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 1,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 2 · variant 1/2

Original entry ↗

noun

A command to exit a session.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew- Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰutós? Proto-Germanic *gudą Proto-West Germanic *god Old English god Middle English god Middle English God English God Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *bʰuHyétider.? Proto-Germanic *beuną Proto-West Germanic *beun Old English bēon Middle English been English be Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ Proto-Indo-European *dwi- Proto-Indo-European *wí Proto-Indo-European *-teros Proto-Indo-European *wíterosder. Proto-Indo-European *wíterom Proto-Germanic *wiþrą Proto-West Germanic *wiþr Old English wiþerclip. Old English wiþ Middle English wiþ English with Proto-Indo-European *yúHs Proto-Indo-European *uswé Proto-Indo-European *-(m)is? Proto-Indo-European *uswísder. Proto-Germanic *izwiz Proto-West Germanic *iwwiz Old English ēow Middle English yow English you ▲ English goodinflu. English goodbyeclip. English bye Shortened form of goodbye.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":clip",
        "3": "goodbye",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰew-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰutós?\nProto-Germanic *gudą\nProto-West Germanic *god\nOld English god\nMiddle English god\nMiddle English God\nEnglish God\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuHyétider.?\nProto-Germanic *beuną\nProto-West Germanic *beun\nOld English bēon\nMiddle English been\nEnglish be\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Indo-European *wí\nProto-Indo-European *-teros\nProto-Indo-European *wíterosder.\nProto-Indo-European *wíterom\nProto-Germanic *wiþrą\nProto-West Germanic *wiþr\nOld English wiþerclip.\nOld English wiþ\nMiddle English wiþ\nEnglish with\nProto-Indo-European *yúHs\nProto-Indo-European *uswé\nProto-Indo-European *-(m)is?\nProto-Indo-European *uswísder.\nProto-Germanic *izwiz\nProto-West Germanic *iwwiz\nOld English ēow\nMiddle English yow\nEnglish you\n▲\nEnglish goodinflu.\nEnglish goodbyeclip.\nEnglish bye\n[Appendix:Glossary#clipping|Clipping]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"deity\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"deity\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"deity\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"deity\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"deity\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"invoked\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"pour\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰew-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰutós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*gudą\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*god\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"god\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"god\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"God\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"God\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"is\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰuH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰuHyéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*beuną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*beun\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"bēon\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"been\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"be\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"preposition\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"clip.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Clipping of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*wíterom\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*wíteros\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwi-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*wí\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-teros\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*wiþrą\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*wiþr\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"wiþer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"clipping\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"wiþ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"wiþ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"with\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*uswís\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*yúHs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*uswé\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-(m)is\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mis\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*izwiz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*iwwiz\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ēow\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"yow\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"you\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"good\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"goodbye\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"clipping\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"bye\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"bye\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":clip",
        "3": "goodbye",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰew-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰutós?\nProto-Germanic *gudą\nProto-West Germanic *god\nOld English god\nMiddle English god\nMiddle English God\nEnglish God\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuHyétider.?\nProto-Germanic *beuną\nProto-West Germanic *beun\nOld English bēon\nMiddle English been\nEnglish be\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Indo-European *wí\nProto-Indo-European *-teros\nProto-Indo-European *wíterosder.\nProto-Indo-European *wíterom\nProto-Germanic *wiþrą\nProto-West Germanic *wiþr\nOld English wiþerclip.\nOld English wiþ\nMiddle English wiþ\nEnglish with\nProto-Indo-European *yúHs\nProto-Indo-European *uswé\nProto-Indo-European *-(m)is?\nProto-Indo-European *uswísder.\nProto-Germanic *izwiz\nProto-West Germanic *iwwiz\nOld English ēow\nMiddle English yow\nEnglish you\n▲\nEnglish goodinflu.\nEnglish goodbyeclip.\nEnglish bye"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*ǵʰew-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰew-#Proto-Indo-European:_pour"
    ],
    [
      "*-tós",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
    ],
    [
      "*ǵʰutós",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰutós#Proto-Indo-European:_invoked"
    ],
    [
      "*gudą",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gudą#Proto-Germanic:_deity"
    ],
    [
      "*god",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/god#Proto-West_Germanic:_deity"
    ],
    [
      "god",
      "god#Old_English:_deity"
    ],
    [
      "god",
      "god#Middle_English:_deity"
    ],
    [
      "God",
      "God#Middle_English:_deity"
    ],
    [
      "God",
      "God#English"
    ],
    [
      "*bʰuH-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuH-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
    ],
    [
      "*-yéti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
    ],
    [
      "*bʰuHyéti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuHyéti"
    ],
    [
      "*beuną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/beuną"
    ],
    [
      "*beun",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/beun"
    ],
    [
      "bēon",
      "beon#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "been",
      "been#Middle_English:_to_be"
    ],
    [
      "be",
      "be#English:_is"
    ],
    [
      "*dwóh₁",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwóh₁#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
    ],
    [
      "*dwi-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwi-"
    ],
    [
      "*wí",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wí"
    ],
    [
      "*-teros",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-teros"
    ],
    [
      "*wiþrą",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wiþrą"
    ],
    [
      "*wiþr",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wiþr"
    ],
    [
      "wiþer",
      "wiþer#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "wiþ",
      "wiþ#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "wiþ",
      "wiþ#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "with",
      "with#English:_preposition"
    ],
    [
      "*yúHs",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/yúHs"
    ],
    [
      "*uswé",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/uswé"
    ],
    [
      "*-(m)is",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mis"
    ],
    [
      "*izwiz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/izwiz"
    ],
    [
      "*iwwiz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/iwwiz"
    ],
    [
      "ēow",
      "eow#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "yow",
      "yow#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "you",
      "you#English"
    ],
    [
      "good",
      "good#English"
    ],
    [
      "goodbye",
      "goodbye#English"
    ],
    [
      "goodbye",
      "goodbye#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A command to exit a session."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "c6bb8be9a703cba53c6d44484ea588c0dffa93430b1c766de69a7f9b5db7cdbc",
      "rawRecordSha256": "c8e02de375abbd2974dd7e3f19d932abb7f99dec4dce7372f291007bcc60062e",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 258699
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 2 · variant 2/2

Original entry ↗

intj

Goodbye. · An exclamation of disbelief or dismissal.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":clip",
        "3": "goodbye",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰew-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰutós?\nProto-Germanic *gudą\nProto-West Germanic *god\nOld English god\nMiddle English god\nMiddle English God\nEnglish God\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuHyétider.?\nProto-Germanic *beuną\nProto-West Germanic *beun\nOld English bēon\nMiddle English been\nEnglish be\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Indo-European *wí\nProto-Indo-European *-teros\nProto-Indo-European *wíterosder.\nProto-Indo-European *wíterom\nProto-Germanic *wiþrą\nProto-West Germanic *wiþr\nOld English wiþerclip.\nOld English wiþ\nMiddle English wiþ\nEnglish with\nProto-Indo-European *yúHs\nProto-Indo-European *uswé\nProto-Indo-European *-(m)is?\nProto-Indo-European *uswísder.\nProto-Germanic *izwiz\nProto-West Germanic *iwwiz\nOld English ēow\nMiddle English yow\nEnglish you\n▲\nEnglish goodinflu.\nEnglish goodbyeclip.\nEnglish bye\n[Appendix:Glossary#clipping|Clipping]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"deity\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"deity\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"deity\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"deity\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"deity\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"invoked\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"pour\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰew-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰutós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*gudą\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*god\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"god\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"god\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"God\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"God\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"is\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰuH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰuHyéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*beuną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*beun\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"bēon\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"been\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"be\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"preposition\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"clip.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Clipping of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*wíterom\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*wíteros\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwi-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*wí\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-teros\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*wiþrą\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*wiþr\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"wiþer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"clipping\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"wiþ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"wiþ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"with\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*uswís\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*yúHs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*uswé\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-(m)is\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mis\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*izwiz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*iwwiz\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ēow\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"yow\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"you\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"good\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"goodbye\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"clipping\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"bye\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"bye\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":clip",
        "3": "goodbye",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰew-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰutós?\nProto-Germanic *gudą\nProto-West Germanic *god\nOld English god\nMiddle English god\nMiddle English God\nEnglish God\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuHyétider.?\nProto-Germanic *beuną\nProto-West Germanic *beun\nOld English bēon\nMiddle English been\nEnglish be\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Indo-European *wí\nProto-Indo-European *-teros\nProto-Indo-European *wíterosder.\nProto-Indo-European *wíterom\nProto-Germanic *wiþrą\nProto-West Germanic *wiþr\nOld English wiþerclip.\nOld English wiþ\nMiddle English wiþ\nEnglish with\nProto-Indo-European *yúHs\nProto-Indo-European *uswé\nProto-Indo-European *-(m)is?\nProto-Indo-European *uswísder.\nProto-Germanic *izwiz\nProto-West Germanic *iwwiz\nOld English ēow\nMiddle English yow\nEnglish you\n▲\nEnglish goodinflu.\nEnglish goodbyeclip.\nEnglish bye"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*ǵʰew-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰew-#Proto-Indo-European:_pour"
    ],
    [
      "*-tós",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
    ],
    [
      "*ǵʰutós",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰutós#Proto-Indo-European:_invoked"
    ],
    [
      "*gudą",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gudą#Proto-Germanic:_deity"
    ],
    [
      "*god",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/god#Proto-West_Germanic:_deity"
    ],
    [
      "god",
      "god#Old_English:_deity"
    ],
    [
      "god",
      "god#Middle_English:_deity"
    ],
    [
      "God",
      "God#Middle_English:_deity"
    ],
    [
      "God",
      "God#English"
    ],
    [
      "*bʰuH-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuH-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
    ],
    [
      "*-yéti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
    ],
    [
      "*bʰuHyéti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuHyéti"
    ],
    [
      "*beuną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/beuną"
    ],
    [
      "*beun",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/beun"
    ],
    [
      "bēon",
      "beon#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "been",
      "been#Middle_English:_to_be"
    ],
    [
      "be",
      "be#English:_is"
    ],
    [
      "*dwóh₁",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwóh₁#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
    ],
    [
      "*dwi-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwi-"
    ],
    [
      "*wí",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wí"
    ],
    [
      "*-teros",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-teros"
    ],
    [
      "*wiþrą",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wiþrą"
    ],
    [
      "*wiþr",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wiþr"
    ],
    [
      "wiþer",
      "wiþer#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "wiþ",
      "wiþ#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "wiþ",
      "wiþ#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "with",
      "with#English:_preposition"
    ],
    [
      "*yúHs",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/yúHs"
    ],
    [
      "*uswé",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/uswé"
    ],
    [
      "*-(m)is",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mis"
    ],
    [
      "*izwiz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/izwiz"
    ],
    [
      "*iwwiz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/iwwiz"
    ],
    [
      "ēow",
      "eow#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "yow",
      "yow#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "you",
      "you#English"
    ],
    [
      "good",
      "good#English"
    ],
    [
      "goodbye",
      "goodbye#English"
    ],
    [
      "goodbye",
      "goodbye#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "lang_code": "af",
      "word": "baai",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "word": "باي",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "bāy"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "lang_code": "fo",
      "word": "bei",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "lang_code": "he",
      "word": "ביי",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Greenlandic",
      "lang_code": "kl",
      "word": "baj",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "word": "bæ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "word": "bai",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "intj",
      "glosses": [
        "Goodbye.",
        "An exclamation of disbelief or dismissal."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "slang"
      ],
      "recordId": "1a11eacdba1f971ca03807535606c6f564be9f1b7787cbfda0805d5f68f55baa",
      "rawRecordSha256": "6edc555e8c13214840dbe5289c913b5fe3192f7acf6061c51bb6eafaf9b4632d",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 258698
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 4

Original entry ↗

noun

Obsolete spelling of bee.

prep

Obsolete spelling of by.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Alternative forms.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [],
  "links": [],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "Obsolete spelling of bee."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "recordId": "9e7cfdaf6fdba7bbe94730ff80b3663a50163d35b531770e64e62c48db9625ee",
      "rawRecordSha256": "7bd4b0ea688c1d5a26ef217d9ab77acb885d371fbea45fa23eae8abbf46be00f",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 258702
    },
    {
      "pos": "prep",
      "glosses": [
        "Obsolete spelling of by."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "recordId": "a953900b2249d5d71e40e100da62a8aa158847e20d6b37902a3fc55d7436f83f",
      "rawRecordSha256": "30d2fd758fcb79f16c9b5838d781ef3505e04b75fb26309044b6832080a117ca",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 258701
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for bye →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger

Machine-source provenance

Source SHA-256: 5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run: 73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID: w-Ynll