Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗adj
Large and strong, like a bull. · Of large mammals, adult male. · Characterized by rising prices or belief that prices will rise. · Stupid.
verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo force oneself (in a particular direction); to move aggressively. · To be in heat; to be ready for mating with a bull. · To mate with (a cow or heifer). · To endeavour to raise the market price of.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- Proto-Germanic *bulô Old English bula ▲ Proto-Germanic *bulô Old Norse bolibor. Middle English bole English bull From Middle English bole, bul, bule, from a conflation of Old English bula (“bull, steer”) and Old Norse boli, both from Proto-Germanic *bulô (“bull”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰl̥no-, from *bʰel- (“to blow, swell up”). Cognate with West Frisian bolle, Dutch bul, German Low German Bull, German Bulle, Swedish bulla; also Old Irish ball (“limb”), Latin follis (“bellows, leather bag”), Albanian bolle (“testicles”), Ancient Greek φαλλός (phallós, “penis”). Of noun sense 2.6, (a man or boy), derived from the Philadelphia English pronunciation of boy, which is practically a homophone of bull.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionbole,bul,buleenm
- Derivation mentionbulaang
- Derivation mentionbolinon
- Inherited-form mention*bulôgem-pro
- Derivation mention*bʰl̥no-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionbollefy
- Cognate mentionbulnl
- Cognate mentionBullede
- Cognate mentionbullasv
- Cognate mentionballsga
- Cognate mentionfollisla
- Cognate mentionbollesq
- Cognate mentionφαλλόςgrc
This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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"name": "sno",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Q693690"
},
"expansion": "etymology 1, noun sense 1.1"
},
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"name": "ety",
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"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:bole<id:bull>",
"id": "male cattle",
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰel-\nProto-Germanic *bulô\nOld English bula\n▲\nProto-Germanic *bulô\nOld Norse bolibor.\nMiddle English bole\nEnglish bull\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bulô\", \"gloss\" : \"bull\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"bula\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"bull\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"gem-pro\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"ine-pro:*bʰel-<id:blow>\", \"id\" : \"bull\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bulô\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Norse\", \"term\" : \"boli\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"non\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"bole\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"bull\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"male cattle\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"bull\" id=\"English:_male_cattle\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bole,bul,bule"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bole, bul, bule"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bula",
"4": "",
"5": "bull, steer"
},
"expansion": "Old English bula (“bull, steer”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "boli"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse boli"
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{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bulô",
"4": "",
"5": "bull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bulô (“bull”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰl̥no-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰl̥no-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "bolle"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian bolle"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bul"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bul"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Bull"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Bull"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Bulle"
},
"expansion": "German Bulle"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bulla"
},
"expansion": "Swedish bulla"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ball",
"3": "",
"4": "limb"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish ball (“limb”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "follis",
"3": "",
"4": "bellows, leather bag"
},
"expansion": "Latin follis (“bellows, leather bag”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bolle",
"3": "",
"4": "testicles"
},
"expansion": "Albanian bolle (“testicles”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φαλλός",
"3": "",
"4": "penis"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φαλλός (phallós, “penis”)"
},
{
"name": "sno",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "boy",
"etym": "false"
},
"expansion": "noun sense 2.6"
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:bole<id:bull>",
"id": "male cattle",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰel-\nProto-Germanic *bulô\nOld English bula\n▲\nProto-Germanic *bulô\nOld Norse bolibor.\nMiddle English bole\nEnglish bull"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*bʰel-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰel-#Proto-Indo-European:_blow"
],
[
"*bulô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bulô#Proto-Germanic:_bull"
],
[
"bula",
"bula#Old_English:_bull"
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[
"*bulô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bulô#Proto-Germanic:_bull"
],
[
"boli",
"boli#Old_Norse"
],
[
"bole",
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],
[
"bole",
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],
[
"bul",
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],
[
"bule",
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],
[
"bula",
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],
[
"boli",
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],
[
"*bulô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bulô"
],
[
"*bʰl̥no-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰl̥no-"
],
[
"*bʰel-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰel-"
],
[
"bolle",
"bolle#West_Frisian"
],
[
"bul",
"bul#Dutch"
],
[
"Bull",
"Bull#Low_German"
],
[
"Bulle",
"Bulle#German"
],
[
"bulla",
"bulla#Swedish"
],
[
"ball",
"ball#Old_Irish"
],
[
"follis",
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],
[
"bolle",
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],
[
"φαλλός",
"φαλλός#Ancient_Greek"
]
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"references": [],
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"lexical": [
{
"pos": "adj",
"glosses": [
"Large and strong, like a bull.",
"Of large mammals, adult male.",
"Characterized by rising prices or belief that prices will rise.",
"Stupid."
],
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"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To force oneself (in a particular direction); to move aggressively.",
"To be in heat; to be ready for mating with a bull.",
"To mate with (a cow or heifer).",
"To endeavour to raise the market price of."
],
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