Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗verb
To produce offspring sexually; to bear young. · To give birth to; to be the native place of. · To mate. · To keep (animals) and have (them) reproduce in a way that improves the next generation's qualities.
noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryAll animals or plants of the same species or subspecies. · A race or lineage; offspring or issue. · A group of people with shared characteristics. · Ellipsis of half-breed.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰreh₁-der. Proto-Indo-European *bʰroh₁tús Proto-Germanic *brōduz Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Germanic *-janą Proto-Germanic *brōdijaną Proto-West Germanic *brōdijan Old English brēdan Middle English breden English breed Inherited from Middle English breden, from Old English brēdan, from Proto-Germanic *brōdijaną (“to brood”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreh₁- (“warm”). Cognate with Scots brede, breid, Saterland Frisian briede, West Frisian briede, Low German bröden, Dutch broeden, German brüten.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 9 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:breden<id:breed>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰreh₁-der.\nProto-Indo-European *bʰroh₁tús\nProto-Germanic *brōduz\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Germanic *-janą\nProto-Germanic *brōdijaną\nProto-West Germanic *brōdijan\nOld English brēdan\nMiddle English breden\nEnglish breed\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰreh₁-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*brōduz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-janą\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*brōdijaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*brōdijan\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"brēdan\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"breden\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"breed\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"breed\">"
},
{
"name": "yesno",
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I"
},
{
"name": "glossary",
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "breden",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": "",
"id": "",
"sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"nocat": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English breden"
},
{
"name": "inh+",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "breden"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English breden"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "brēdan"
},
"expansion": "Old English brēdan"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*brōdijaną",
"t": "to brood"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brōdijaną (“to brood”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰreh₁-",
"t": "warm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰreh₁- (“warm”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "brede"
},
"expansion": "Scots brede"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "briede"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian briede"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "briede"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian briede"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "bröden"
},
"expansion": "Low German bröden"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "broeden"
},
"expansion": "Dutch broeden"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "brüten"
},
"expansion": "German brüten"
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:breden<id:breed>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰreh₁-der.\nProto-Indo-European *bʰroh₁tús\nProto-Germanic *brōduz\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Germanic *-janą\nProto-Germanic *brōdijaną\nProto-West Germanic *brōdijan\nOld English brēdan\nMiddle English breden\nEnglish breed"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*bʰreh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰreh₁-"
],
[
"*brōduz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/brōduz"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-janą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-janą#Proto-Germanic:_denominative"
],
[
"*brōdijaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/brōdijaną"
],
[
"*brōdijan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/brōdijan"
],
[
"brēdan",
"bredan#Old_English:_breed"
],
[
"breden",
"breden#Middle_English:_breed"
],
[
"breden",
"breden#Middle_English"
],
[
"brēdan",
"bredan#Old_English"
],
[
"*brōdijaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/brōdijaną"
],
[
"*bʰreh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰreh₁-"
],
[
"brede",
"brede#Scots"
],
[
"breid",
"breid#Scots"
],
[
"briede",
"briede#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"briede",
"briede#West_Frisian"
],
[
"bröden",
"bröden#Low_German"
],
[
"broeden",
"broeden#Dutch"
],
[
"brüten",
"brüten#German"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To produce offspring sexually; to bear young.",
"To give birth to; to be the native place of.",
"To mate.",
"To keep (animals) and have (them) reproduce in a way that improves the next generation's qualities."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"recordId": "21ff542d55a064d7a72ea12258f6a0b8d614cc190db8680961ae759dd7c2db08",
"rawRecordSha256": "0bae39b9c7f2dd2c6acb9eca8855a606c304683fe15fdeec37f7ca1c7aa40258",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 30153
},
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"All animals or plants of the same species or subspecies.",
"A race or lineage; offspring or issue.",
"A group of people with shared characteristics.",
"Ellipsis of half-breed."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"derogatory",
"ellipsis"
],
"recordId": "77066ffc775f90266cea22748020111b927d104b5bec18064ff94f6a37f0710b",
"rawRecordSha256": "187724649219147c08db6902e0dd1ed2ae7488d180cc475251900ad737046884",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 30154
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 9,
"glosses": 0
}
}