Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗The cry of an animal, now chiefly that of animals related to the ass or donkey, or the camel. · Any discordant, grating, or harsh sound.
Of an animal (now chiefly of animals related to the ass or donkey, and the camel): to make its cry. · To make a harsh, discordant sound like a donkey's bray. · To make or utter (a shout, sound, etc.) discordantly, loudly, or in a harsh and grating manner.
The verb is derived from Middle English brayen, brai, bray, braye (“of a person or animal: to vocalize loudly; of the weather: to make a loud sound, howl, roar”), from Old French brai, braire (“of an animal: to bray; of a person: to cry or shout out”) (modern French braire (“of an animal: to bray; of a person: to shout; to cry, weep”)), possibly from Vulgar Latin *bragiō, from Gaulish *bragu (compare Breton breugiñ (“to bray”), brammañ (“to flatulate”), Cornish bramma, brabma (“to flatulate”), Old Irish braigid (“to flatulate”)), from Proto-Celtic *brageti, *bragyeti (“to flatulate”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreHg- (“to flatulate; to stink”); cognate with Latin fragrō (“to smell”). Alternatively, the word could be from a Germanic source, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *brekaną (“to break”), and cognate with frangere (“to break, shatter”). The noun is derived from the verb, or from Middle English brai, brait (“shriek; outcry”), from Old French brai, brait (“a cry”), from braire (“of an animal: to bray; of a person: to shout; to cry, weep”); see above.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*bʰreHg-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionbrayenenm
- Derivation mentionbraifro
- Cognate mentionbrairefr · of an animal: to bray; of a person: to shout; to cry, weep
- Derivation mention*bragucel-gau
- Cognate mentionbreugiñbr · to bray
- Cognate mentionbrammakw
- Cognate mentionbraigidsga · to flatulate
- Derivation mention*brageticel-pro
- Derivation mention*bʰreHg-ine-pro · to flatulate; to stink
- Cognate mentionfragrōla · to smell
- Derivation mention*brekanągem-pro · to break
- Inherited-form mentionbraienm
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "to cry"
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{
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"name": "cog",
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"expansion": "Breton breugiñ (“to bray”)"
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"name": "cog",
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"2": "bramma"
},
"expansion": "Cornish bramma"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "braigid",
"t": "to flatulate"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish braigid (“to flatulate”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*brageti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brageti"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰreHg-",
"t": "to flatulate; to stink"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰreHg- (“to flatulate; to stink”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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},
"expansion": "Latin fragrō (“to smell”)"
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"name": "der",
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"2": "gem"
},
"expansion": "Germanic"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*brekaną",
"t": "to break"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brekaną (“to break”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "brai"
},
"expansion": "Middle English brai"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "brai"
},
"expansion": "Old French brai"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"args": {
"1": "1"
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"expansion": "¹"
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"breugiñ",
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[
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],
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]
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"The cry of an animal, now chiefly that of animals related to the ass or donkey, or the camel.",
"Any discordant, grating, or harsh sound."
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"Of an animal (now chiefly of animals related to the ass or donkey, and the camel): to make its cry.",
"To make a harsh, discordant sound like a donkey's bray.",
"To make or utter (a shout, sound, etc.) discordantly, loudly, or in a harsh and grating manner."
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