Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗To burn the flesh with a hot iron, either as a marker (for criminals, slaves etc.) or to cauterise a wound. · To mark (especially cattle) with a brand as proof of ownership. · To make an indelible impression on the memory or senses. · To stigmatize, label (someone).
A mark or scar made by burning with a hot iron, especially to mark cattle or to classify the contents of a cask. · A branding iron. · The symbolic identity, represented by a name and/or a logo, which indicates a certain product or service to the public. · A specific product, service, or provider so distinguished.
From Middle English brand, from Old English brand (“fire; flame; burning; torch; sword”), from Proto-West Germanic *brand, from Proto-Germanic *brandaz (“flame; flaming; fire-brand; torch; sword”), derived from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną (“to burn”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁- (“to boil; brew”). Cognate with Scots brand, West Frisian brân (“fire”), Dutch brand, German Brand, Danish brand, Swedish brand (“blaze, fire”), Icelandic brandur, French brand (< Germanic). More distantly cognate with Proto-Slavic *gorěti (“to burn”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionbrandenm
- Inherited-form mentionbrandang · fire; flame; burning; torch; sword
- Inherited-form mention*brandgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*brandazgem-pro · flame; flaming; fire-brand; torch; sword
- Derivation mention*brinnanągem-pro · to burn
- Derivation mention*bʰrewh₁-ine-pro · to boil; brew
- Cognate mentionbrandsco
- Cognate mentionbrânfy · fire
- Cognate mentionbrandnl
- Cognate mentionBrandde
- Cognate mentionbrandda
- Cognate mentionbrandsv · blaze, fire
- Cognate mentionbranduris
- Cognate mentionbrandfr
- Cognate mention*gorětisla-pro · to burn
This page abbreviates 11 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
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{
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},
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{
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"t": "flame; flaming; fire-brand; torch; sword"
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},
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{
"name": "cog",
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{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Dutch brand"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Brand"
},
"expansion": "German Brand"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
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"2": "brand"
},
"expansion": "Danish brand"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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"expansion": "Swedish brand (“blaze, fire”)"
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"expansion": "Icelandic brandur"
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{
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},
"expansion": "French brand"
},
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"t": "to burn"
},
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}
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"brand#Middle_English"
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[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/brand"
],
[
"*brandaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/brandaz"
],
[
"*brinnaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/brinnaną"
],
[
"*bʰrewh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰrewh₁-"
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[
"brand",
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[
"brân",
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[
"brand",
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[
"Brand",
"Brand#German"
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"brand",
"brand#Danish"
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[
"brand",
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[
"brandur",
"brandur#Icelandic"
],
[
"brand",
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],
[
"*gorěti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gorěti"
]
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{
"pos": "verb",
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"To burn the flesh with a hot iron, either as a marker (for criminals, slaves etc.) or to cauterise a wound.",
"To mark (especially cattle) with a brand as proof of ownership.",
"To make an indelible impression on the memory or senses.",
"To stigmatize, label (someone)."
],
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"A mark or scar made by burning with a hot iron, especially to mark cattle or to classify the contents of a cask.",
"A branding iron.",
"The symbolic identity, represented by a name and/or a logo, which indicates a certain product or service to the public.",
"A specific product, service, or provider so distinguished."
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