Unnumbered source etymology · variant 1/3
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo make black; to blacken. · To apply blacking to (something). · To boycott, usually as part of an industrial dispute.
Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *blakaz Proto-West Germanic *blak Old English blæc Middle English blak English black From Middle English blak, black, blake, from Old English blæc (“black, dark", also "ink”), from Proto-West Germanic *blak, from Proto-Germanic *blakaz (“burnt”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleg- (“to burn, shine”). See also Dutch blaken (“to burn”), Low German blak, black (“blackness, black paint, (black) ink”), Old High German blah (“black”); also compare Latin flagrāre (“to burn”), Ancient Greek φλόξ (phlóx, “flame”), Sanskrit भर्ग (bharga, “radiance”). Adjective sense 20 is a semantic loan from Cantonese 黑面 (hak1 min6, “to pull a long face, to scowl”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionblakenm
- Inherited-form mentionblæcang
- Inherited-form mention*blakgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*blakazgem-pro
- Inherited-form mention*bʰleg-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionblakennl
- Cognate mentionblak, blacknds
- Cognate mentionblahgoh
- Cognate mentionflagrola
- Cognate mentionφλόξgrc · flame
- Cognate mentionभर्गsa
- Semantic-loan mention黑面yue · to pull a long face, to scowl
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:blak",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *blakaz\nProto-West Germanic *blak\nOld English blæc\nMiddle English blak\nEnglish black\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*blak\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"blæc\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"blak\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"black\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"black\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "blak"
},
"expansion": "Middle English blak"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "blæc",
"4": "",
"5": "black, dark\", also \"ink"
},
"expansion": "Old English blæc (“black, dark\", also \"ink”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*blak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *blak"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*blakaz",
"4": "",
"5": "burnt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *blakaz (“burnt”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰleg-",
"4": "",
"5": "to burn, shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰleg- (“to burn, shine”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "blaken",
"3": "",
"4": "to burn"
},
"expansion": "Dutch blaken (“to burn”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "blak, black",
"3": "",
"4": "blackness, black paint, (black) ink"
},
"expansion": "Low German blak, black (“blackness, black paint, (black) ink”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "blah",
"3": "",
"4": "black"
},
"expansion": "Old High German blah (“black”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "flagro",
"3": "flagrāre",
"4": "to burn"
},
"expansion": "Latin flagrāre (“to burn”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φλόξ",
"t": "flame"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φλόξ (phlóx, “flame”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भर्ग",
"3": "",
"4": "radiance"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit भर्ग (bharga, “radiance”)"
},
{
"name": "senseno",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sullen",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Adjective sense 20"
},
{
"name": "sl",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "yue",
"3": "黑面",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "hak1 min6",
"t": "to pull a long face, to scowl"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from Cantonese 黑面 (hak1 min6, “to pull a long face, to scowl”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:blak",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *blakaz\nProto-West Germanic *blak\nOld English blæc\nMiddle English blak\nEnglish black"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*blakaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/blakaz"
],
[
"*blak",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/blak#Proto-West_Germanic:_adjective"
],
[
"blæc",
"blæc#Old_English:_adjective"
],
[
"blak",
"blak#Middle_English"
],
[
"blak",
"blak#Middle_English"
],
[
"black",
"black#Middle_English"
],
[
"blake",
"blake#Middle_English"
],
[
"blæc",
"blæc#Old_English"
],
[
"*blak",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/blak"
],
[
"*blakaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/blakaz"
],
[
"*bʰleg-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰleg-"
],
[
"blaken",
"blaken#Dutch"
],
[
"blak, black",
"blak, black#Low_German"
],
[
"blah",
"blah#Old_High_German"
],
[
"flagrāre",
"flagro#Latin"
],
[
"φλόξ",
"φλόξ#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"भर्ग",
"भर्ग#Sanskrit"
],
[
"黑面",
"黑面#Cantonese"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To make black; to blacken.",
"To apply blacking to (something).",
"To boycott, usually as part of an industrial dispute."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"UK"
],
"recordId": "f7b0100762aa50a44054671c0ad16cfa052cd24f4912d8790bd00d1e63e704d0",
"rawRecordSha256": "909ef71aae66445aa25e317823c9f522cf06b9e20779821d33f4b8f70520efbd",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 13585
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
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}
}