Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryUsed to form the second person singular of be.
From Middle English bist, beest, best, from Old English bist ("(thou) art"; second person singular of bēon (“to be”)), from Proto-Germanic *biusi (“(thou) art”), equivalent to be + -est. Cognate with West Frisian bist (“(thou) art”), Low German büst (“(thou) art”), German bist (“(thou) art”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bist"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bist"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bist"
},
"expansion": "Old English bist"
},
{
"name": "gloss",
"args": {
"1": "\"(thou) art\"; second person singular of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">bēon</i> (“to be”)"
},
"expansion": "(\"(thou) art\"; second person singular of bēon (“to be”))"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*biusi",
"4": "",
"5": "(thou) art"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *biusi (“(thou) art”)"
},
{
"name": "suffix",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "be",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "be + -est"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "bist",
"3": "",
"4": "(thou) art"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian bist (“(thou) art”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "büst",
"3": "",
"4": "(thou) art"
},
"expansion": "Low German büst (“(thou) art”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "bist",
"3": "",
"4": "(thou) art"
},
"expansion": "German bist (“(thou) art”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"bist",
"bist#Middle_English"
],
[
"beest",
"beest#Middle_English"
],
[
"best",
"best#Middle_English"
],
[
"bist",
"bist#Old_English"
],
[
"bēon",
"beon#Old_English"
],
[
"*biusi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/biusi"
],
[
"be",
"be#English"
],
[
"-est",
"-est#English"
],
[
"bist",
"bist#West_Frisian"
],
[
"büst",
"büst#Low_German"
],
[
"bist",
"bist#German"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"Used to form the second person singular of be."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"UK",
"West-Country",
"dialectal"
],
"recordId": "90405e6aeea428a2e15159165f1640613874171793025f304dd05fdaee2f1fd4",
"rawRecordSha256": "9cdb294ed8c2870e0fed7ac2c030e80e02e77bf0fb7bb243ba9d4eee30ecbab6",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 529436
}
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}