Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗noun
The process of childbearing; the beginning of life; the emergence of a human baby or other viviparous animal offspring from the mother's body into the environment. · An instance of childbirth. · A beginning or start; a point of origin. · The circumstances of one's background, ancestry, or upbringing.
adj
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA familial relationship established by childbirth.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *bʰértisder. Proto-Germanic *burþiz Old Norse burðrbor. Middle English birthe English birth From Middle English birthe (1250), from earlier burthe, burde, from Old Norse burðr, byrd (Old Swedish byrth, Swedish börd), replacing Old English ġebyrd (rare variant byrþ), equivalent to bear + -th (thus a piecewise doublet of berth). The Old Norse is from Proto-Germanic *burdiz (compare Old Frisian berde, berd); Old English ġebyrd is from prefixed *gaburþiz (compare Dutch geboorte, German Geburt), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰŕ̥tis (compare Latin fors (“luck”), Old Irish brith), from *bʰer- (“to carry, bear”). More at bear.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*bʰer-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionbirtheenm
- Derivation mentionburðrnon
- Cognate mentionbyrthgmq-osw
- Cognate mentionbördsv
- Cognate mentionġebyrdang
- Word-formation componentbearen
- Word-formation component-then
- Derivation mention*burdizgem-pro
- Cognate mentionberdeofs
- Cognate mentiongeboortenl
- Cognate mentionGeburtde
- Derivation mention*bʰértisine-pro
- Cognate mentionforsla
- Cognate mentionbrithsga
This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:birthe<id:childbearing>",
"id": "childbearing",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *bʰértisder.\nProto-Germanic *burþiz\nOld Norse burðrbor.\nMiddle English birthe\nEnglish birth\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"birth\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"birth\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bearing\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bear\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰer-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"action nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰértis\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*burþiz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Norse\", \"term\" : \"burðr\", \"lang\" : \"non\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"birthe\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"birth\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"childbearing\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"birth\" id=\"English:_childbearing\">"
},
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "birthe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English birthe"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "burðr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse burðr"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "byrth"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish byrth"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "börd"
},
"expansion": "Swedish börd"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġebyrd"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġebyrd"
},
{
"name": "affix",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bear",
"3": "-th",
"id2": "abstract nominal"
},
"expansion": "bear + -th"
},
{
"name": "piecewise doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "berth",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "piecewise doublet of berth"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burdiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burdiz"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "berde"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian berde"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġebyrd"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġebyrd"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "geboorte"
},
"expansion": "Dutch geboorte"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Geburt"
},
"expansion": "German Geburt"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰértis",
"4": "*bʰŕ̥tis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰŕ̥tis"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fors",
"3": "",
"4": "luck"
},
"expansion": "Latin fors (“luck”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "brith"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish brith"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:birthe<id:childbearing>",
"id": "childbearing",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *bʰértisder.\nProto-Germanic *burþiz\nOld Norse burðrbor.\nMiddle English birthe\nEnglish birth"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*bʰer-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰer-#Proto-Indo-European:_bear"
],
[
"*-tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis#Proto-Indo-European:_action_nouns"
],
[
"*bʰértis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰértis#Proto-Indo-European:_bearing"
],
[
"*burþiz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/burþiz#Proto-Germanic:_birth"
],
[
"burðr",
"burðr#Old_Norse:_birth"
],
[
"birthe",
"birthe#Middle_English:_childbearing"
],
[
"birthe",
"birthe#Middle_English"
],
[
"burthe",
"burthe#Middle_English"
],
[
"burde",
"burde#Middle_English"
],
[
"burðr",
"burðr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"byrd",
"byrd#Old_Norse"
],
[
"byrth",
"byrth#Old_Swedish"
],
[
"börd",
"börd#Swedish"
],
[
"ġebyrd",
"gebyrd#Old_English"
],
[
"byrþ",
"byrþ#Old_English"
],
[
"bear",
"bear#English"
],
[
"-th",
"-th#English:_abstract_nominal"
],
[
"berth",
"berth#English"
],
[
"*burdiz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/burdiz"
],
[
"berde",
"berde#Old_Frisian"
],
[
"berd",
"berd#Old_Frisian"
],
[
"ġebyrd",
"gebyrd#Old_English"
],
[
"*gaburþiz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gaburþiz"
],
[
"geboorte",
"geboorte#Dutch"
],
[
"Geburt",
"Geburt#German"
],
[
"*bʰŕ̥tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰértis"
],
[
"fors",
"fors#Latin"
],
[
"brith",
"brith#Old_Irish"
],
[
"*bʰer-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰer-"
],
[
"bear",
"bear#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"The process of childbearing; the beginning of life; the emergence of a human baby or other viviparous animal offspring from the mother's body into the environment.",
"An instance of childbirth.",
"A beginning or start; a point of origin.",
"The circumstances of one's background, ancestry, or upbringing."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"countable"
],
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{
"pos": "adj",
"glosses": [
"A familial relationship established by childbirth."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
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