*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of besom

From Middle English besme, beseme, from Old English besma, besema (“besom, broom, rod”), from Proto-West Germanic *besmō (“broom”).

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
noun

A broom made from a bundle of twigs tied onto a shaft. · A troublesome woman. · Any cleansing or purifying agent.

verb

To sweep.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English besme, beseme, from Old English besma, besema (“besom, broom, rod”), from Proto-West Germanic *besmō (“broom”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*bʰes-ine-pro
  • Inherited-form mentionbesmeenm
  • Inherited-form mentionbesmaang
  • Inherited-form mention*besmōgmw-pro · broom
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰes-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "besme"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English besme"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "besma"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English besma"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*besmō",
        "t": "broom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *besmō (“broom”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "besme",
      "besme#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "beseme",
      "beseme#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "besma",
      "besma#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "besema",
      "besema#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*besmō",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/besmō"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A broom made from a bundle of twigs tied onto a shaft.",
        "A troublesome woman.",
        "Any cleansing or purifying agent."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Northern-England",
        "Scotland",
        "derogatory"
      ],
      "recordId": "399812bd2543dfbcd8e8e47c5414ac758552bb5e85b651e3dadea2e5a3431ddf",
      "rawRecordSha256": "9527d78bf35d81b855edd3495d0a984adbd0d30b6cf6e810af13a8b9b0cfc08f",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 253893
    },
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To sweep."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "poetic"
      ],
      "recordId": "f1065672f47657ca23909db3f587dc2e365d7b1a93eb73d0867a68fcd9220f4a",
      "rawRecordSha256": "6f674523a1a3efd2045751d69e6b4e13fa8937d77f5130141575e549169485b8",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 253894
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for besom →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-YmVzb20