Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo give beer to (someone). · To drink beer.
Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *beuzą Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ Old English bēor Middle English ber English beer From Middle English ber, bere, from Old English bēor (“beer”) (Oxford OED notes: "rare, except in poetry"), from Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą (“beer”) (putatively from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewsóm), meaning “brewer's yeast”. However, also see the "beer" entry on EtymOnline (q.v.), which links a connection to monastic Vulgar Latin *biber (“a drink, beverage”), from Latin bibere (“to drink”). Samuel Johnson in his famous 18th-century A Dictionary of the English Language guessed it was from (unattested) Welsh *bîr; he distinguished it in his time from ale — the ancient usual word — by beer being older-aged and/or smaller. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Bjoor (“beer”), West Frisian bier (“beer”), Dutch bier (“beer”), German Low German Beer (“beer”), German Bier (“beer”), dialectal Swedish bjor, bör (“beer”), Norwegian Nynorsk bjor (“beer”), Faroese bjór (“beer”), Icelandic bjór (“beer”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionberenm
- Inherited-form mentionbēorang · beer
- Inherited-form mention*beuʀgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*beuzągem-pro · beer
- Inherited-form mention*bʰewsómine-pro
- Derivation mentionbiberela
- Cognate mentionBjoorstq · beer
- Cognate mentionbierfy · beer
- Cognate mentionbiernl · beer
- Cognate mentionBierde · beer
- Cognate mentionbjorsv
- Cognate mentionbjornn · beer
- Cognate mentionbjórfo · beer
- Cognate mentionbjóris · beer
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:ber<id:beer><ety:inh<ang:bēor>>",
"id": "drink",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *beuzą\nProto-West Germanic *beuʀ\nOld English bēor\nMiddle English ber\nEnglish beer\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*beuʀ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"bēor\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"ber\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"beer\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"drink\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"beer\" id=\"English:_drink\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ber"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ber"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēor",
"t": "beer"
},
"expansion": "Old English bēor (“beer”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*beuʀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*beuzą",
"t": "beer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *beuzą (“beer”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰewsóm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰewsóm"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-vul",
"3": "*biber",
"4": "",
"5": "a drink, beverage"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *biber (“a drink, beverage”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "bibere",
"4": "",
"5": "to drink"
},
"expansion": "Latin bibere (“to drink”)"
},
{
"name": "noncog",
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "*bîr"
},
"expansion": "Welsh *bîr"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Bjoor",
"t": "beer"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Bjoor (“beer”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "bier",
"t": "beer"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian bier (“beer”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bier",
"t": "beer"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bier (“beer”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Beer",
"t": "beer"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Beer (“beer”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Bier",
"t": "beer"
},
"expansion": "German Bier (“beer”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bjor"
},
"expansion": "Swedish bjor"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "bjor",
"t": "beer"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk bjor (“beer”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "bjór",
"t": "beer"
},
"expansion": "Faroese bjór (“beer”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bjór",
"t": "beer"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic bjór (“beer”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:ber<id:beer><ety:inh<ang:bēor>>",
"id": "drink",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *beuzą\nProto-West Germanic *beuʀ\nOld English bēor\nMiddle English ber\nEnglish beer"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*beuzą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/beuzą"
],
[
"*beuʀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/beuʀ"
],
[
"bēor",
"beor#Old_English"
],
[
"ber",
"ber#Middle_English:_beer"
],
[
"ber",
"ber#Middle_English"
],
[
"bere",
"bere#Middle_English"
],
[
"bēor",
"beor#Old_English"
],
[
"poetry",
"poetry"
],
[
"*beuʀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/beuʀ"
],
[
"*beuzą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/beuzą"
],
[
"*bʰewsóm",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰewsóm"
],
[
"q.v.",
"q.v."
],
[
"*biber",
"Reconstruction:Latin/biber"
],
[
"bibere",
"bibere#Latin"
],
[
"*bîr",
"Reconstruction:Welsh/bîr"
],
[
"ale",
"ale#English"
],
[
"Bjoor",
"Bjoor#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"bier",
"bier#West_Frisian"
],
[
"bier",
"bier#Dutch"
],
[
"Beer",
"Beer#Low_German"
],
[
"Bier",
"Bier#German"
],
[
"bjor",
"bjor#Swedish"
],
[
"bör",
"bör#Swedish"
],
[
"bjor",
"bjor#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"bjór",
"bjór#Faroese"
],
[
"bjór",
"bjór#Icelandic"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To give beer to (someone).",
"To drink beer."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"transitive",
"intransitive"
],
"recordId": "218d1708988a38e77bab32d70fa6b4eb1b18174c820caed0e7054b000f2d946e",
"rawRecordSha256": "49e8879a59a7a5c1b391b718bb63e158a8bcfa97b09592bf008c63c62896c72d",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 5215
}
],
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}