Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA flying insect, of the clade Anthophila within the hymenopteran superfamily Apoidea, known for its organised societies (though only a minority have them), for collecting pollen and (in some species) producing wax and honey. · Any stinging flying insect, especially a wasp.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰey-der. Proto-Germanic *bijǭ Proto-West Germanic *bijā Old English bēo Middle English be English bee From Middle English be, bee, beo, bey, from Old English bēo, bīo (“bee”), from Proto-West Germanic *bijā, from Proto-Germanic *bijǭ (“bee”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰey- (“bee”). Cognates Cognate with Yola been (“bees”), North Frisian bi (“bee”), West Frisian bij (“bee”), Dutch bij, by (“bee”), German Biene (“bee”), Limburgish Bé, bie (“bee”), Luxembourgish Bei (“bee”), Vilamovian byn (“bee”), West Flemish bieë (“bee”), Yiddish בין (bin, “bee”), Danish and Swedish bi (“bee”), Faroese býfluga (“bee”), Icelandic bý, býfluga (“bee”), Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk bie (“bee”); also Irish beach, meach (“bee”), Scottish Gaelic beach (“bee; beehive; wasp”), Latin fūcus (“bee”), Latvian bite (“bee”), Lithuanian bitė (“bee”), Belarusian пчала́ (pčalá, “bee”), Bulgarian, Macedonian, and Russian пчела́ (pčelá, “bee”), Czech včála, včela (“bee”), Polish pszczoła (“bee”), Serbo-Croatian пчѐла, bčela, pčèla (“bee”), Slovak včela (“bee”), Slovene čebela (“bee”), Ukrainian бджола́ (bdžolá, “bee”), Ossetian биндзӕ (binʒæ), бындз (bynʒ, “fly”), Pashto وينه (waynë́, wenë́, wuynë́, “termite; white ant”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionbeenm
- Inherited-form mentionbēoang
- Inherited-form mention*bijāgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*bijǭgem-pro · bee
- Derivation mention*bʰey-ine-pro · bee
- Cognate mentionbeenyol · bees
- Cognate mentionbifrr · bee
- Cognate mentionbijfy · bee
- Cognate mentionbijnl
- Cognate mentionBienede · bee
- Cognate mentionBéli
- Cognate mentionBeilb · bee
- Cognate mentionbynwym · bee
- Cognate mentionbieëvls · bee
- Cognate mentionביןyi · bee
- Cognate mentionbýflugafo · bee
- Cognate mentionbýis
- Cognate mentionbeachga
- Cognate mentionbeachgd · bee; beehive; wasp
- Cognate mentionfūcusla · bee
- Cognate mentionbitelv · bee
- Cognate mentionbitėlt · bee
- Cognate mentionпчала́be · bee
- Cognate mentionvčálacs
- Cognate mentionpszczołapl · bee
- Cognate mentionпчѐлаsh
- Cognate mentionvčelask · bee
- Cognate mentiončebelasl · bee
- Cognate mentionбджола́uk · bee
- Cognate mentionбиндзӕos
- Cognate mentionوينهps · termite; white ant
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:be<id:bee>",
"id": "insect",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰey-der.\nProto-Germanic *bijǭ\nProto-West Germanic *bijā\nOld English bēo\nMiddle English be\nEnglish bee\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰey-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bijǭ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bijā\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"bēo\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"be\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"bee\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"insect\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"bee\" id=\"English:_insect\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "be",
"id": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Middle English be"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bēo"
},
"expansion": "Old English bēo"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bijā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bijā"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bijǭ",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bijǭ (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰey-",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰey- (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "been",
"t": "bees"
},
"expansion": "Yola been (“bees”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "bi",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian bi (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "bij",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian bij (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bij"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bij"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Biene",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "German Biene (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "Bé"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish Bé"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Bei",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish Bei (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "byn",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian byn (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "vls",
"2": "bieë",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "West Flemish bieë (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "בין",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish בין (bin, “bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da,sv",
"2": "bi",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Danish and Swedish bi (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "býfluga",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Faroese býfluga (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bý"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic bý"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb,nn",
"2": "bie",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk bie (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "beach"
},
"expansion": "Irish beach"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "beach",
"t": "bee; beehive; wasp"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic beach (“bee; beehive; wasp”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fūcus",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Latin fūcus (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bite",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bite (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bitė",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian bitė (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "пчала́",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian пчала́ (pčalá, “bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "bg,mk,ru",
"2": "пчела́",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian, Macedonian, and Russian пчела́ (pčelá, “bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "včála"
},
"expansion": "Czech včála"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pszczoła",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Polish pszczoła (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "пчѐла"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian пчѐла"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "včela",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Slovak včela (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "čebela",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Slovene čebela (“bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "бджола́",
"t": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian бджола́ (bdžolá, “bee”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "биндзӕ"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian биндзӕ (binʒæ)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "وينه",
"tr": "waynë́, wenë́, wuynë́",
"t": "termite; white ant"
},
"expansion": "Pashto وينه (waynë́, wenë́, wuynë́, “termite; white ant”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:be<id:bee>",
"id": "insect",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰey-der.\nProto-Germanic *bijǭ\nProto-West Germanic *bijā\nOld English bēo\nMiddle English be\nEnglish bee"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*bʰey-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰey-"
],
[
"*bijǭ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bijǭ"
],
[
"*bijā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bijā"
],
[
"bēo",
"beo#Old_English:_bee"
],
[
"be",
"be#Middle_English:_bee"
],
[
"be",
"be#Middle_English:_bee"
],
[
"bee",
"bee#Middle_English"
],
[
"beo",
"beo#Middle_English"
],
[
"bey",
"bey#Middle_English"
],
[
"bēo",
"beo#Old_English"
],
[
"bīo",
"bio#Old_English"
],
[
"*bijā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bijā"
],
[
"*bijǭ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bijǭ"
],
[
"*bʰey-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰey-"
],
[
"been",
"been#Yola"
],
[
"bi",
"bi#North_Frisian"
],
[
"bij",
"bij#West_Frisian"
],
[
"bij",
"bij#Dutch"
],
[
"by",
"by#Dutch"
],
[
"Biene",
"Biene#German"
],
[
"Bé",
"Bé#Limburgish"
],
[
"bie",
"bie#Limburgish"
],
[
"Bei",
"Bei#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"byn",
"byn#Vilamovian"
],
[
"bieë",
"bieë#West_Flemish"
],
[
"בין",
"בין#Yiddish"
],
[
"Danish",
"bi#Danish"
],
[
"bi",
"bi#Swedish"
],
[
"býfluga",
"býfluga#Faroese"
],
[
"bý",
"bý#Icelandic"
],
[
"býfluga",
"býfluga#Icelandic"
],
[
"Norwegian Bokmål",
"bie#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"bie",
"bie#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"beach",
"beach#Irish"
],
[
"meach",
"meach#Irish"
],
[
"beach",
"beach#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"fūcus",
"fucus#Latin"
],
[
"bite",
"bite#Latvian"
],
[
"bitė",
"bitė#Lithuanian"
],
[
"пчала́",
"пчала#Belarusian"
],
[
"Bulgarian",
"пчела#Bulgarian"
],
[
"Macedonian",
"пчела#Macedonian"
],
[
"пчела́",
"пчела#Russian"
],
[
"včála",
"včála#Czech"
],
[
"včela",
"včela#Czech"
],
[
"pszczoła",
"pszczoła#Polish"
],
[
"пчѐла",
"пчела#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"bčela",
"bčela#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"pčèla",
"pčela#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"včela",
"včela#Slovak"
],
[
"čebela",
"čebela#Slovene"
],
[
"бджола́",
"бджола#Ukrainian"
],
[
"биндзӕ",
"биндзӕ#Ossetian"
],
[
"бындз",
"бындз#Ossetian"
],
[
"وينه",
"وينه#Pashto"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"word": "bi"
},
{
"lang": "Ulithian",
"lang_code": "uli",
"word": "bii",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A flying insect, of the clade Anthophila within the hymenopteran superfamily Apoidea, known for its organised societies (though only a minority have them), for collecting pollen and (in some species) producing wax and honey.",
"Any stinging flying insect, especially a wasp."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"proscribed"
],
"recordId": "e3aa59bc3700a1f89af7d0186efc8e8f020a689e471fdc898b02fbaf62d9982f",
"rawRecordSha256": "e09fd7635ba8ab815a388a67c482d645ba72421f23950e7cb8e6b17d966207af",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 18083
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
"glosses": 0
}
}