Unnumbered source etymology · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA piece of furniture, usually flat and soft, on which to rest or sleep. · A mattress. · A bedframe. · A prepared spot in which to spend the night.
Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *badją Proto-West Germanic *badi Old English bedd Middle English bed English bed Inherited from Middle English bed, bedde, from Old English bedd, from Proto-West Germanic *badi, from Proto-Germanic *badją (“resting-place, plot of ground”). Cognates Cognate with Scots bed, North Frisian baad, beed, Bēr, Saterland Frisian Bääd, West Frisian bêd, Cimbrian pett, Dutch bed, Dutch Low Saxon bedde, German Bett, Bette, German Low German Bedd, Luxembourgish Bett, Vilamovian bet, Danish and Norwegian Bokmål bed, Faroese and Icelandic beð, beður, Norwegian Nynorsk bed, bedd, Swedish bädd, Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌹 (badi), all meaning “bed”. further possible etymology and cognates The Proto-Germanic term may in turn be from Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰ- (“to dig”) with various theories explaining the development in meaning. If it is, the term is also cognate with Ancient Greek βοθυρος (bothuros, “pit”), Latin fossa (“ditch”), Latvian bedre (“hole”), Welsh bedd (“grave”), Breton bez (“grave”); and probably also Russian бодать (bodatʹ, “to butt, gore”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*bʰedʰ-ine-pro
- Root classification mention*bʰedʰh₂-ine-pro
- Root classification mention*bʰeh₁-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionbedenm
- Inherited-form mentionbeddang
- Inherited-form mention*badigmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*badjągem-pro · resting-place, plot of ground
- Cognate mentionbedsco
- Cognate mentionbaadfrr
- Cognate mentionBäädstq
- Cognate mentionbêdfy
- Cognate mentionpettcim
- Cognate mentionbednl
- Cognate mentionBettde
- Cognate mentionBettlb
- Cognate mentionbetwym
- Cognate mentionbednn
- Cognate mentionbäddsv
- Cognate mention𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌹got
- Derivation mention*bʰedʰh₂-ine-pro · to dig
- Cognate mentionβοθυροςgrc
- Cognate mentionfossala
- Cognate mentionbedrelv
- Cognate mentionbeddcy
- Cognate mentionbezbr
- Cognate mentionбодатьru
This page abbreviates 26 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:bed<id:furniture>",
"id": "furniture",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *badją\nProto-West Germanic *badi\nOld English bedd\nMiddle English bed\nEnglish bed\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*badi\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"bedd\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"bed\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"bed\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"furniture\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"bed\" id=\"English:_furniture\">"
},
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰedʰ-",
"4": "*bʰedʰh₂-",
"5": "*bʰeh₁-",
"id1": "bend"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "yesno",
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I"
},
{
"name": "glossary",
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bed",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": "",
"id": "",
"sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"nocat": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English bed"
},
{
"name": "inh+",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bed"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English bed"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bedd"
},
"expansion": "Old English bedd"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*badi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *badi"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*badją",
"t": "resting-place, plot of ground"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *badją (“resting-place, plot of ground”)"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bed"
},
"expansion": "Scots bed"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "baad"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian baad"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Bääd"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Bääd"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "bêd"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian bêd"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "pett"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian pett"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bed"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bed"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-nl",
"2": "bedde"
},
"expansion": "Dutch Low Saxon bedde"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Bett"
},
"expansion": "German Bett"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Bedd"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Bedd"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Bett"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish Bett"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "bet"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian bet"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da,nb",
"2": "bed"
},
"expansion": "Danish and Norwegian Bokmål bed"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo,is",
"2": "beð"
},
"expansion": "Faroese and Icelandic beð"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "bed"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk bed"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bädd"
},
"expansion": "Swedish bädd"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌹"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌹 (badi)"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "further possible etymology and cognates"
},
"expansion": "further possible etymology and cognates"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰedʰh₂-",
"4": "*bʰedʰ-",
"t": "to dig"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰ- (“to dig”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βοθυρος",
"3": "",
"4": "pit"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βοθυρος (bothuros, “pit”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fossa",
"3": "",
"4": "ditch"
},
"expansion": "Latin fossa (“ditch”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bedre",
"3": "",
"4": "hole"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bedre (“hole”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "bedd",
"3": "",
"4": "grave"
},
"expansion": "Welsh bedd (“grave”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "bez",
"3": "",
"4": "grave"
},
"expansion": "Breton bez (“grave”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "бодать",
"3": "",
"4": "to butt, gore"
},
"expansion": "Russian бодать (bodatʹ, “to butt, gore”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:bed<id:furniture>",
"id": "furniture",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *badją\nProto-West Germanic *badi\nOld English bedd\nMiddle English bed\nEnglish bed"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*badją",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/badją#Proto-Germanic:_bed"
],
[
"*badi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/badi#Proto-West_Germanic:_bed"
],
[
"bedd",
"bedd#Old_English:_bed"
],
[
"bed",
"bed#Middle_English:_furniture"
],
[
"bed",
"bed#Middle_English"
],
[
"bedde",
"bedde#Middle_English"
],
[
"bedd",
"bedd#Old_English"
],
[
"*badi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/badi"
],
[
"*badją",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/badją"
],
[
"bed",
"bed#Scots"
],
[
"baad",
"baad#North_Frisian"
],
[
"beed",
"beed#North_Frisian"
],
[
"Bēr",
"Bēr#North_Frisian"
],
[
"Bääd",
"Bääd#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"bêd",
"bêd#West_Frisian"
],
[
"pett",
"pett#Cimbrian"
],
[
"bed",
"bed#Dutch"
],
[
"bedde",
"bedde#Low_German"
],
[
"Bett",
"Bett#German"
],
[
"Bette",
"Bette#German"
],
[
"Bedd",
"Bedd#Low_German"
],
[
"Bett",
"Bett#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"bet",
"bet#Vilamovian"
],
[
"Danish",
"bed#Danish"
],
[
"bed",
"bed#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"Faroese",
"beð#Faroese"
],
[
"beð",
"beð#Icelandic"
],
[
"beður",
"beður#Icelandic"
],
[
"bed",
"bed#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"bedd",
"bedd#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"bädd",
"bädd#Swedish"
],
[
"𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌹",
"𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌹#Gothic"
],
[
"*bʰedʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰedʰh₂-"
],
[
"βοθυρος",
"βοθυρος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"fossa",
"fossa#Latin"
],
[
"bedre",
"bedre#Latvian"
],
[
"bedd",
"bedd#Welsh"
],
[
"bez",
"bez#Breton"
],
[
"бодать",
"бодать#Russian"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bislama",
"lang_code": "bi",
"word": "bed"
},
{
"lang": "Pijin",
"lang_code": "pis",
"word": "bed"
},
{
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"word": "bet"
},
{
"lang": "Chichewa",
"lang_code": "ny",
"word": "bedi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Chuukese",
"lang_code": "chk",
"word": "pet",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"word": "bedo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"word": "ベッド",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "beddo"
},
{
"lang": "Ulithian",
"lang_code": "uli",
"word": "beet",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A piece of furniture, usually flat and soft, on which to rest or sleep.",
"A mattress.",
"A bedframe.",
"A prepared spot in which to spend the night."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"recordId": "19d9f9938eb6fe5127ac7ba1d1b3a5b95d4775d2d409782b17e7097311817d57",
"rawRecordSha256": "73323e98f82fb2e9a324e6041551bb7e56243303d50837f38aa2366fdae9cddd",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 22576
}
],
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"links": 0,
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"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 26,
"glosses": 0
}
}