Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗To prohibit; to interdict; to proscribe; to forbid or block from participation. · To summon; to call out. · To anathematize; to pronounce an ecclesiastical curse upon; to place under a ban. · To curse; to execrate.
A prohibition. · A public proclamation or edict; also, a summons by public proclamation, and in early use especially a summons to arms. · The gathering of the (French) king’s vassals for war; the whole body of vassals assembled this way, or liable to be summoned; originally the same as arriere-ban, but distinct since the 16th century, following French usage—see arriere-ban. · A curse or anathema.
Inherited from Middle English bannen (“to summon; to banish; to curse”), partly from Old English bannan (“to summon, command, proclaim, call out”), from Proto-West Germanic *bannan; and partly from Old Norse banna (“to prohibit; to curse”), both from Proto-Germanic *bannaną (“to proclaim, to order; to summon; to ban; to curse, forbid”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-new-ti ~ bʰh₂-n̥w-énti, innovative nasal-infixed zero-grade athematic present of *bʰeh₂- (“to say”). Cognate with Dutch bannen (“to ban, exile, discard”), German bannen (“to exile, to exorcise, captivate, excommunicate”), Swedish banna (“to ban, scold”), Vedic Sanskrit भन॑ति (bhánati), Armenian բան (ban) and perhaps Albanian banoj (“to reside, dwell”). See also banal, abandon.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*bʰeh₂-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionbannenenm
- Inherited-form mentionbannanang · to summon, command, proclaim, call out
- Inherited-form mention*bannangmw-pro
- Derivation mentionbannanon · to prohibit; to curse
- Inherited-form mention*bannanągem-pro
- Cognate mentionbannennl
- Cognate mentionbannende
- Cognate mentionbannasv
- Cognate mentionբանhy
- Cognate mentionbanojsq
This page abbreviates 2 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
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"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeh₂-",
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"expansion": "Middle English bannen (“to summon; to banish; to curse”)"
},
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"3": "bannen",
"4": "",
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"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English bannen (“to summon; to banish; to curse”)"
},
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"2": "ang",
"3": "bannan",
"t": "to summon, command, proclaim, call out"
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"expansion": "Old English bannan (“to summon, command, proclaim, call out”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bannan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bannan"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "banna",
"t": "to prohibit; to curse"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse banna (“to prohibit; to curse”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bannaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to proclaim, to order; to summon; to ban; to curse, forbid"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bannaną (“to proclaim, to order; to summon; to ban; to curse, forbid”)"
},
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"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-new-ti ~ bʰh₂-n̥w-énti"
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"name": "cog",
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"2": "bannen",
"3": "",
"4": "to ban, exile, discard"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bannen (“to ban, exile, discard”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "bannen",
"3": "",
"4": "to exile, to exorcise, captivate, excommunicate"
},
"expansion": "German bannen (“to exile, to exorcise, captivate, excommunicate”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "banna",
"3": "",
"4": "to ban, scold"
},
"expansion": "Swedish banna (“to ban, scold”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa-ved",
"2": "भन॑ति"
},
"expansion": "Vedic Sanskrit भन॑ति (bhánati)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "բան"
},
"expansion": "Armenian բան (ban)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "banoj",
"3": "",
"4": "to reside, dwell"
},
"expansion": "Albanian banoj (“to reside, dwell”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"bannen",
"bannen#Middle_English"
],
[
"bannan",
"bannan#Old_English"
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[
"*bannan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bannan"
],
[
"banna",
"banna#Old_Norse"
],
[
"*bannaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bannaną"
],
[
"*bʰeh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰeh₂-"
],
[
"bannen",
"bannen#Dutch"
],
[
"bannen",
"bannen#German"
],
[
"banna",
"banna#Swedish"
],
[
"भन॑ति",
"भनति#Sanskrit"
],
[
"բան",
"բան#Armenian"
],
[
"banoj",
"banoj#Albanian"
],
[
"banal",
"banal#English"
],
[
"abandon",
"abandon#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To prohibit; to interdict; to proscribe; to forbid or block from participation.",
"To summon; to call out.",
"To anathematize; to pronounce an ecclesiastical curse upon; to place under a ban.",
"To curse; to execrate."
],
"tags": [
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"obsolete"
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"A prohibition.",
"A public proclamation or edict; also, a summons by public proclamation, and in early use especially a summons to arms.",
"The gathering of the (French) king’s vassals for war; the whole body of vassals assembled this way, or liable to be summoned; originally the same as arriere-ban, but distinct since the 16th century, following French usage—see arriere-ban.",
"A curse or anathema."
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