Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA collection of sheets of paper bound together to hinge at one edge, containing printed or written material, pictures, etc. · A long work fit for publication, typically prose, such as a novel or textbook, and typically published as such a bound collection of sheets, but now sometimes electronically as an e-book. · A major division of a long work. · A record of betting (from the use of a notebook to record what each person has bet).
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵosder.? Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-der.? Proto-Germanic *bōks Proto-West Germanic *bōk Old English bōc Middle English bok English book From Middle English bok, book, from Old English bōc, from Proto-West Germanic *bōk, from Proto-Germanic *bōks. Bookmaker sense by clipping. Cognates Cognate with Scots beuk, buik, buke (“book”), Yola buke (“book”), North Frisian Bok, buk, bök (“book”), Saterland Frisian Bouk (“book”), West Frisian, Dutch boek (“book”), Alemannic German Buech (“book”), Bavarian Buach (“book”), Central Franconian Booch, Buch (“book”), German, Luxembourgish Buch (“book”), German Low German Book (“book”), Limburgish book, Bouk (“book”), Vilamovian büch (“book”), Yiddish בוך (bukh, “book”), Danish bog (“book”), Elfdalian buok (“book”), Faroese, Icelandic bók (“book”), Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish bok (“book”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionbokenm
- Inherited-form mentionbōcang
- Inherited-form mention*bōkgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*bōksgem-pro
- Cognate mentionbeuksco
- Cognate mentionbukeyol · book
- Cognate mentionBokfrr
- Cognate mentionBoukstq · book
- Cognate mentionboeknl · book
- Cognate mentionBuechgsw · book
- Cognate mentionBuachbar · book
- Cognate mentionBoochgmw-cfr
- Cognate mentionBuchlb · book
- Cognate mentionbookli
- Cognate mentionbüchwym · book
- Cognate mentionבוךyi · book
- Cognate mentionbogda · book
- Cognate mentionbuokovd · book
- Cognate mentionbókis · book
- Cognate mentionboksv · book
This page abbreviates 17 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:bok<id:book>",
"id": "Q571",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵosder.?\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-der.?\nProto-Germanic *bōks\nProto-West Germanic *bōk\nOld English bōc\nMiddle English bok\nEnglish book\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰeh₂ǵos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰeh₂g-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bōks\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bōk\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"bōc\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"bok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"book\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"Q571\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"book\" id=\"English:_Q571\">"
},
{
"name": "senseno",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Q571"
},
"expansion": "etymology 1, noun sense 1"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bok"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bok"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bōc"
},
"expansion": "Old English bōc"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bōk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bōk"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bōks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōks"
},
{
"name": "clipping",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "clipping"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "beuk"
},
"expansion": "Scots beuk"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "buke",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "Yola buke (“book”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "Bok"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian Bok"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Bouk",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Bouk (“book”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boek",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boek (“book”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Buech",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German Buech (“book”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "Buach",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian Buach (“book”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "Booch"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian Booch"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "German"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Buch",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish Buch (“book”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Book",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Book (“book”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "book"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish book"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "büch",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian büch (“book”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "בוך",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish בוך (bukh, “book”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bog",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "Danish bog (“book”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "buok",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian buok (“book”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Faroese"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bók",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic bók (“book”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bok",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "Swedish bok (“book”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:bok<id:book>",
"id": "Q571",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵosder.?\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-der.?\nProto-Germanic *bōks\nProto-West Germanic *bōk\nOld English bōc\nMiddle English bok\nEnglish book"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*bʰeh₂ǵos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰeh₂ǵos"
],
[
"*bʰeh₂g-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰeh₂g-"
],
[
"*bōks",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bōks#Proto-Germanic:_book"
],
[
"*bōk",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bōk#Proto-West_Germanic:_book"
],
[
"bōc",
"boc#Old_English:_book"
],
[
"bok",
"bok#Middle_English:_book"
],
[
"bok",
"bok#Middle_English"
],
[
"book",
"book#Middle_English"
],
[
"bōc",
"boc#Old_English"
],
[
"*bōk",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bōk"
],
[
"*bōks",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bōks"
],
[
"beuk",
"beuk#Scots"
],
[
"buik",
"buik#Scots"
],
[
"buke",
"buke#Scots"
],
[
"buke",
"buke#Yola"
],
[
"Bok",
"Bok#North_Frisian"
],
[
"buk",
"buk#North_Frisian"
],
[
"bök",
"bök#North_Frisian"
],
[
"Bouk",
"Bouk#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"boek",
"boek#Dutch"
],
[
"Buech",
"Buech#Alemannic_German"
],
[
"Buach",
"Buach#Bavarian"
],
[
"Booch",
"Booch#Central_Franconian"
],
[
"Buch",
"Buch#Central_Franconian"
],
[
"Buch",
"Buch#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"Book",
"Book#Low_German"
],
[
"book",
"book#Limburgish"
],
[
"Bouk",
"Bouk#Limburgish"
],
[
"büch",
"büch#Vilamovian"
],
[
"בוך",
"בוך#Yiddish"
],
[
"bog",
"bog#Danish"
],
[
"buok",
"buok#Elfdalian"
],
[
"bók",
"bók#Icelandic"
],
[
"bok",
"bok#Swedish"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"word": "buku"
},
{
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"word": "buk",
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Rotokas",
"lang_code": "roo",
"word": "vuku",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Takia",
"lang_code": "tbc",
"word": "buk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
]
},
{
"lang": "Chichewa",
"lang_code": "ny",
"word": "buku",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Chinook Jargon",
"lang_code": "chn",
"word": "buk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"lang_code": "haw",
"word": "puke",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Lingala",
"lang_code": "ln",
"word": "búku",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Malagasy",
"lang_code": "mg",
"word": "boky",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Malayalam",
"lang_code": "ml",
"word": "ബുക്ക്",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "bukkŭ"
},
{
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"word": "pukapuka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Marshallese",
"lang_code": "mh",
"word": "bok",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"word": "puk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Motu",
"lang_code": "meu",
"word": "buka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Shona",
"lang_code": "sn",
"word": "bhuku",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Somali",
"lang_code": "so",
"word": "buugga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Somali",
"lang_code": "so",
"word": "buug",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Sotho",
"lang_code": "st",
"word": "buka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Ulithian",
"lang_code": "uli",
"word": "buuk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"word": "ibhuku",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A collection of sheets of paper bound together to hinge at one edge, containing printed or written material, pictures, etc.",
"A long work fit for publication, typically prose, such as a novel or textbook, and typically published as such a bound collection of sheets, but now sometimes electronically as an e-book.",
"A major division of a long work.",
"A record of betting (from the use of a notebook to record what each person has bet)."
],
"tags": [],
"recordId": "0c03f697ef4bfbe399b2c397d185125e5bddffed8be172787f4d37f1316bab22",
"rawRecordSha256": "74c6dacb57907bc5ec114a4e50ebf96bc9c1b016ae4df46c7a013b106deb2b9c",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 117
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 17,
"glosses": 0
}
}