Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗adj
noble, highborn · excellent, splendid, fine · genuine, sincere, devout
noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA chief or lord.
From Middle English athel, ethel, hathel (“noble; nobleman, hero”), from Old English æþele (“noble”), from Proto-West Germanic *aþulī, from Proto-Germanic *aþulijaz (“of noble birth, noble”), from *aþalą (“nature; nobility”). Cognates Akin to Saterland Frisian eedel (“noble”), Oadel (“nobility”), West Frisian eal (“noble”), Dutch adel (“nobility”), edel (“noble”), German Adel (“nobility”), edel (“noble”), Yiddish אַדל (adl, “nobility”), איידל (eydl, “noble”), Elfdalian aðel (“noble; nobility”), Faroese aðal (“noble; nobility”), Icelandic aðal (“speciality, hallmark, characteristic”), aðall (“nobility”). Middle English form hathel due to conflation with Old English hæleþ (“hero”). See heleth.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionathelenm
- Inherited-form mentionæþeleang · noble
- Inherited-form mention*aþulīgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*aþulijazgem-pro · of noble birth, noble
- Cognate mentioneedelstq · noble
- Cognate mentionealfy · noble
- Cognate mentionadelnl · nobility
- Cognate mentionAdelde · nobility
- Cognate mentionאַדלyi · nobility
- Cognate mentionaðelovd · noble; nobility
- Cognate mentionaðalfo · noble; nobility
- Cognate mentionaðalis · speciality, hallmark, characteristic
- Cognate mentionhæleþang · hero
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "athel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English athel"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "æþele",
"t": "noble"
},
"expansion": "Old English æþele (“noble”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*aþulī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aþulī"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aþulijaz",
"t": "of noble birth, noble"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aþulijaz (“of noble birth, noble”)"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "eedel",
"t": "noble"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian eedel (“noble”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "eal",
"t": "noble"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian eal (“noble”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "adel",
"t": "nobility"
},
"expansion": "Dutch adel (“nobility”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Adel",
"t": "nobility"
},
"expansion": "German Adel (“nobility”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "אַדל",
"t": "nobility"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish אַדל (adl, “nobility”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "aðel",
"t": "noble; nobility"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian aðel (“noble; nobility”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "aðal",
"t": "noble; nobility"
},
"expansion": "Faroese aðal (“noble; nobility”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "aðal",
"t": "speciality, hallmark, characteristic"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic aðal (“speciality, hallmark, characteristic”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hæleþ",
"t": "hero"
},
"expansion": "Old English hæleþ (“hero”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"athel",
"athel#Middle_English"
],
[
"ethel",
"ethel#Middle_English"
],
[
"hathel",
"hathel#Middle_English"
],
[
"æþele",
"æþele#Old_English"
],
[
"*aþulī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/aþulī"
],
[
"*aþulijaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aþulijaz"
],
[
"*aþalą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aþalą"
],
[
"eedel",
"eedel#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"Oadel",
"Oadel#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"eal",
"eal#West_Frisian"
],
[
"adel",
"adel#Dutch"
],
[
"edel",
"edel#Dutch"
],
[
"Adel",
"Adel#German"
],
[
"edel",
"edel#German"
],
[
"אַדל",
"אַדל#Yiddish"
],
[
"איידל",
"איידל#Yiddish"
],
[
"aðel",
"aðel#Elfdalian"
],
[
"aðal",
"aðal#Faroese"
],
[
"aðal",
"aðal#Icelandic"
],
[
"aðall",
"aðall#Icelandic"
],
[
"hæleþ",
"hæleþ#Old_English"
],
[
"heleth",
"heleth#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "adj",
"glosses": [
"noble, highborn",
"excellent, splendid, fine",
"genuine, sincere, devout"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
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},
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A chief or lord."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
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}
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"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
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}