Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo astonish.
Inherited from Middle English astonen, probably ultimately from a- + Old French estoner (“to stun”). By surface analysis, a- + stun.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "yesno",
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I"
},
{
"name": "glossary",
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "astonen",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": "",
"id": "",
"sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"nocat": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English astonen"
},
{
"name": "inh+",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "astonen"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English astonen"
},
{
"name": "af",
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "a-",
"3": "estoner",
"lang2": "fro",
"t2": "to stun",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "a- + Old French estoner (“to stun”)"
},
{
"name": "surf",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "a-",
"3": "stun"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, a- + stun"
}
],
"links": [
[
"astonen",
"astonen#Middle_English"
],
[
"a-",
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],
[
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],
[
"a-",
"a-#English"
],
[
"stun",
"stun#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To astonish."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 1019433
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}