Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗The act of suddenly disturbing anyone; an assault or attack. · A tumultuous assault or quarrel. · The fighting of two or more persons, in a public place, to the terror of others. · Terror.
To startle from quiet; to alarm. · To frighten; to scare; to frighten away.
From Middle English affraien (“to terrify, frighten”), borrowed from Anglo-Norman afrayer (“to terrify, disquiet, disturb”) and Old French effreer, esfreer (“to disturb, remove the peace from”) (compare modern French effrayer), from Vulgar Latin *exfridāre. The second part of this is in turn from Frankish *friþu (“security, peace”), from Proto-Germanic *friþuz (“peace”), from *frijōną (“to free; to love”), from Proto-Indo-European *prāy-, *prēy- (“to like, love”). Cognate with Old High German fridu (“peace”), Old English friþ (“peace, frith”), Old English frēod (“peace, friendship”), German Friede (“peace”). More at free, friend.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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{
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},
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{
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},
{
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},
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},
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},
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}
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"effreer",
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[
"esfreer",
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[
"effrayer",
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],
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"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/friþu"
],
[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/friþuz"
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[
"*frijōną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/frijōną"
],
[
"*prāy-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/prāy-"
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[
"*prēy-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/prēy-"
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[
"fridu",
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[
"friþ",
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],
[
"frēod",
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],
[
"Friede",
"Friede#German"
],
[
"free",
"free#English"
],
[
"friend",
"friend#English"
]
],
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{
"pos": "noun",
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"The act of suddenly disturbing anyone; an assault or attack.",
"A tumultuous assault or quarrel.",
"The fighting of two or more persons, in a public place, to the terror of others.",
"Terror."
],
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"To startle from quiet; to alarm.",
"To frighten; to scare; to frighten away."
],
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