Etymology of ablaut

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗

verb

To undergo a change of vowel. · To cause to change a vowel.

noun

The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep Proto-Indo-European *-o Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó Proto-Germanic *ab Old High German ab Middle High German ab German ab German ab- Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *ḱlutós Proto-Germanic *hlūdaz Proto-West Germanic *hlūd Old High German lūt Middle High German lūt German Laut German Ablautbor. English ablaut Borrowed from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”), which is from ab- or ab (“down, off”), + Laut (“sound”). Ab is used here in the sense of “deviating, varying” as in Abgott (“god other than the true God”), Abart (“different sort, variety, anomality”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Borrowed-form mentionAblautde

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "de:Ablaut",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ep\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *h₂epó\nProto-Germanic *ab\nOld High German ab\nMiddle High German ab\nGerman ab\nGerman ab-\nProto-Indo-European *ḱel-\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlew-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlutós\nProto-Germanic *hlūdaz\nProto-West Germanic *hlūd\nOld High German lūt\nMiddle High German lūt\nGerman Laut\nGerman Ablautbor.\nEnglish ablaut\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"from\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"of\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"of\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"away\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"away\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ep\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-o\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂epó\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ab\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old High German\", \"term\" : \"ab\", \"lang\" : \"goh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"ab\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"ab\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"ab-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"loud\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"loud\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"loud\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"heard\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hear\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"incline\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱel-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlew-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlutós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*hlūdaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*hlūd\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old High German\", \"term\" : \"lūt\", \"lang\" : \"goh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"lūt\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Laut\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Ablaut\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ablaut\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"ablaut\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "bor+",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "de",
        "3": "Ablaut",
        "gloss": "sound gradation"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "de:Ablaut",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ep\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *h₂epó\nProto-Germanic *ab\nOld High German ab\nMiddle High German ab\nGerman ab\nGerman ab-\nProto-Indo-European *ḱel-\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlew-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlutós\nProto-Germanic *hlūdaz\nProto-West Germanic *hlūd\nOld High German lūt\nMiddle High German lūt\nGerman Laut\nGerman Ablautbor.\nEnglish ablaut"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*h₂ep",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ep"
    ],
    [
      "*-o",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-o"
    ],
    [
      "*h₂epó",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂epó#Proto-Indo-European:_away"
    ],
    [
      "*ab",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ab#Proto-Germanic:_away"
    ],
    [
      "ab",
      "ab#Old_High_German:_of"
    ],
    [
      "ab",
      "ab#Middle_High_German:_of"
    ],
    [
      "ab",
      "ab#German:_from"
    ],
    [
      "ab-",
      "ab-#German"
    ],
    [
      "*ḱel-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱel-#Proto-Indo-European:_incline"
    ],
    [
      "*ḱlew-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlew-#Proto-Indo-European:_hear"
    ],
    [
      "*-tós",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
    ],
    [
      "*ḱlutós",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlutós#Proto-Indo-European:_heard"
    ],
    [
      "*hlūdaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlūdaz#Proto-Germanic:_loud"
    ],
    [
      "*hlūd",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hlūd#Proto-West_Germanic:_loud"
    ],
    [
      "lūt",
      "lut#Old_High_German:_loud"
    ],
    [
      "lūt",
      "lut#Middle_High_German"
    ],
    [
      "Laut",
      "Laut#German"
    ],
    [
      "Ablaut",
      "Ablaut#German"
    ],
    [
      "Ablaut",
      "Ablaut#German"
    ],
    [
      "ab-",
      "ab-#German"
    ],
    [
      "ab",
      "ab#German"
    ],
    [
      "Laut",
      "Laut#German"
    ],
    [
      "Abgott",
      "Abgott#German"
    ],
    [
      "Abart",
      "Abart#German"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To undergo a change of vowel.",
        "To cause to change a vowel."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ],
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    },
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "recordId": "d90b15dfe689141f991d86c4f806fd3e5851b855ea5f36503bf57092781e6ca7",
      "rawRecordSha256": "e14ae88e105f91c768a9e65c91518fb22a3d3cba66b7f6ef633d086e1b7c4472",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 1760
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

The source etymologies

Unnumbered source etymology

Relationships mentioned by the source

Where this record stops

Source and snapshot