Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA Hispanic grandfather.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwh₂os Latin avus Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂ ~ *-yeh₂ Latin avia Proto-Indo-European *-lós Proto-Indo-European *-elós Proto-Italic *-elos Latin -ulus Latin -ola Latin aviola Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Italic *-os Archaic Latin -os Latin -us Vulgar Latin *aviolum Old Spanish avuelo Spanish abuelobor. English abuelo Borrowed from Spanish abuelo.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "es:abuelo",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éwh₂os\nLatin avus\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-ih₂ ~ *-yeh₂\nLatin avia\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulus\nLatin -ola\nLatin aviola\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Italic *-os\nArchaic Latin -os\nLatin -us\nVulgar Latin *aviolum\nOld Spanish avuelo\nSpanish abuelobor.\nEnglish abuelo\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grandfather\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grandfather\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grandmother\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grandmother\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"grandfather, uncle\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éwh₂os\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"avus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-ih₂ ~ *-yeh₂\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"i-stem suffix\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"neuter plural suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ih₂\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"avia\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"alt\" : \"-ola\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ulus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-olus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"diminutive ending\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"aviola\", \"gloss\" : \"grandmother\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"second declension\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"second declension suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"possessive\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"possessive\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"possessive\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"e-grade\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"vrddhi\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Archaic Latin\", \"term\" : \"-os\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ala\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"forms masculine nouns\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"*aviolum\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Spanish\", \"term\" : \"avuelo\", \"lang\" : \"osp\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"abuelo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"abuelo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"abuelo\">\nBorrowed from Spanish abuelo."
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "es:abuelo",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éwh₂os\nLatin avus\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-ih₂ ~ *-yeh₂\nLatin avia\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulus\nLatin -ola\nLatin aviola\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Italic *-os\nArchaic Latin -os\nLatin -us\nVulgar Latin *aviolum\nOld Spanish avuelo\nSpanish abuelobor.\nEnglish abuelo\nBorrowed from Spanish abuelo."
}
],
"links": [
[
"*h₂éwh₂os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éwh₂os"
],
[
"avus",
"avus#Latin"
],
[
"*-is",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-is"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂"
],
[
"*-ih₂ ~ *-yeh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ih₂"
],
[
"avia",
"avia#Latin:_grandmother"
],
[
"*-lós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-lós#Proto-Indo-European:_agent_nouns"
],
[
"*-elos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-elos#Proto-Italic:_diminutive"
],
[
"-ulus",
"-ulus#Latin"
],
[
"-ola",
"-olus#Latin"
],
[
"aviola",
"aviola#Latin:_grandmother"
],
[
"*-ós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_possessive"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_thematic"
],
[
"*-ós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_possessive"
],
[
"*-ós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_o-grade"
],
[
"*-ós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_e-grade"
],
[
"*-ós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_vrddhi"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_thematic"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-os"
],
[
"-os",
"-os#Latin:_second_declension_suffix"
],
[
"-us",
"-us#Latin:_second_declension"
],
[
"*aviolum",
"Reconstruction:Latin/aviolum#Latin:_grandfather"
],
[
"avuelo",
"avuelo#Old_Spanish:_grandfather"
],
[
"abuelo",
"abuelo#Spanish"
],
[
"abuelo",
"abuelo#Spanish"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A Hispanic grandfather."
],
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