Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗An act of annealing.
To subject to great heat and then (often slow) cooling, and sometimes reheating and further cooling, for the purpose of rendering less brittle; to temper; to toughen. · To cool glass slowly, to minimize internal stress. · To burn colors onto a glass or other surface. · To make a double-stranded nucleic acid by pairing a single strand with a complementary strand.
From Middle English anelen, onelen, from Old English onǣlan (“to burn, ignite, set fire to, consume, heat, enlighten, incite, inflame, inspire, kindle”), from Proto-Germanic *ana (“on”) + Proto-Germanic *ailijaną (“to burn”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eydʰ- (“to burn”). The double-N spelling may have arisen by analogy with Latinate verbs like announce, annex, and annul. The word is related to Old English onāl (“that which is burnt, burning; incense”), Old English āl (“fire, burning”), Icelandic eldur (“fire”), Swedish eld (“fire, flame”), Danish ild (“fire”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "anelen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English anelen"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "onǣlan",
"4": "",
"5": "to burn, ignite, set fire to, consume, heat, enlighten, incite, inflame, inspire, kindle"
},
"expansion": "Old English onǣlan (“to burn, ignite, set fire to, consume, heat, enlighten, incite, inflame, inspire, kindle”)"
},
{
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ana",
"4": "",
"5": "on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ana (“on”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ailijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to burn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ailijaną (“to burn”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eydʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to burn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eydʰ- (“to burn”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "onāl",
"3": "",
"4": "that which is burnt, burning; incense"
},
"expansion": "Old English onāl (“that which is burnt, burning; incense”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "āl",
"3": "",
"4": "fire, burning"
},
"expansion": "Old English āl (“fire, burning”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "eldur",
"3": "",
"4": "fire"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic eldur (“fire”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "eld",
"3": "",
"4": "fire, flame"
},
"expansion": "Swedish eld (“fire, flame”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ild",
"3": "",
"4": "fire"
},
"expansion": "Danish ild (“fire”)"
}
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[
"anelen",
"anelen#Middle_English"
],
[
"onelen",
"onelen#Middle_English"
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[
"onǣlan",
"onælan#Old_English"
],
[
"burn",
"burn#Verb"
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[
"ignite",
"ignite"
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[
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"set fire"
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[
"consume",
"consume"
],
[
"heat",
"heat#Verb"
],
[
"enlighten",
"enlighten"
],
[
"incite",
"incite"
],
[
"inflame",
"inflame"
],
[
"inspire",
"inspire"
],
[
"kindle",
"kindle"
],
[
"*ana",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ana"
],
[
"*ailijaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ailijaną"
],
[
"*h₂eydʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eydʰ-"
],
[
"announce",
"announce#English"
],
[
"annex",
"annex#English"
],
[
"annul",
"annul#English"
],
[
"onāl",
"onal#Old_English"
],
[
"burnt",
"burnt"
],
[
"burning",
"burning#Noun"
],
[
"incense",
"incense"
],
[
"āl",
"al#Old_English"
],
[
"fire",
"fire"
],
[
"eldur",
"eldur#Icelandic"
],
[
"eld",
"eld#Swedish"
],
[
"flame",
"flame#Noun"
],
[
"ild",
"ild#Danish"
]
],
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"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"An act of annealing."
],
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"To subject to great heat and then (often slow) cooling, and sometimes reheating and further cooling, for the purpose of rendering less brittle; to temper; to toughen.",
"To cool glass slowly, to minimize internal stress.",
"To burn colors onto a glass or other surface.",
"To make a double-stranded nucleic acid by pairing a single strand with a complementary strand."
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