Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗contraction
Contraction of I + am.
verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryfirst-person singular present indicative of be
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi Proto-Germanic *immi Proto-West Germanic *im Old English eom Middle English am English am From Middle English am, em, from Old English eam, eom (“am”), from Proto-West Germanic *im, from Proto-Germanic *immi, *izmi (“am”, form of the verb *wesaną (“to be; dwell”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi (“to be, to exist”). Cognate with Old Norse em (Old Swedish æm (“am”)), Gothic 𐌹𐌼 (im, “am”), Ancient Greek εἰμῐ́ (eimĭ́, “am”), Old Armenian եմ (em, “am”), Albanian jam (“am”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionamenm
- Inherited-form mentioneamang
- Inherited-form mention*imgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*immigem-pro
- Inherited-form mention*h₁ésmiine-pro
- Cognate mentionemnon
- Cognate mentionæmgmq-osw · am
- Cognate mention𐌹𐌼got · am
- Cognate mentionεἰμῐ́grc · am
- Cognate mentionեմxcl · am
- Cognate mentionjamsq · am
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:am",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi\nProto-Germanic *immi\nProto-West Germanic *im\nOld English eom\nMiddle English am\nEnglish am\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*immi\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*im\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"eom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"am\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"am\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"am\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "am"
},
"expansion": "Middle English am"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eam"
},
"expansion": "Old English eam"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*im"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *im"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*immi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *immi"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésmi",
"4": "",
"5": "to be, to exist"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi (“to be, to exist”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "em"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse em"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "æm",
"t": "am"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish æm (“am”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌼",
"t": "am"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌼 (im, “am”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἰμῐ́",
"t": "am"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek εἰμῐ́ (eimĭ́, “am”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "եմ",
"t": "am"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian եմ (em, “am”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "jam",
"t": "am"
},
"expansion": "Albanian jam (“am”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:am",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi\nProto-Germanic *immi\nProto-West Germanic *im\nOld English eom\nMiddle English am\nEnglish am"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*h₁es-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁es-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*h₁ésmi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ésmi"
],
[
"*immi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/immi"
],
[
"*im",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/im"
],
[
"eom",
"eom#Old_English"
],
[
"am",
"am#Middle_English"
],
[
"am",
"am#Middle_English"
],
[
"em",
"em#Middle_English"
],
[
"eam",
"eam#Old_English"
],
[
"eom",
"eom#Old_English"
],
[
"*im",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/im"
],
[
"*immi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/immi"
],
[
"*izmi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/izmi"
],
[
"*wesaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wesaną"
],
[
"*h₁ésmi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ésmi"
],
[
"em",
"em#Old_Norse"
],
[
"æm",
"æm#Old_Swedish"
],
[
"𐌹𐌼",
"𐌹𐌼#Gothic"
],
[
"εἰμῐ́",
"εἰμί#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"եմ",
"եմ#Old_Armenian"
],
[
"jam",
"jam#Albanian"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "contraction",
"glosses": [
"Contraction of I + am."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"contraction",
"dialectal",
"informal"
],
"recordId": "c19bdfc5b6067442aec7b3c827cdf58f754182204b3c170cb5664fb8646c0901",
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},
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present indicative of be"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
],
"recordId": "caae57f7d29b64b44fd9372ca8cccb37ffa7d668e263e5667554d9b4cdc640e0",
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 144947
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
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}