Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗The act of cramming (forcing or stuffing something). · Information hastily memorized. · A warp having more than two threads passing through each dent or split of the reed. · A lie; a falsehood.
To press, force, or drive, particularly in filling, or in thrusting one thing into another; to stuff; to fill to superfluity. · To fill with food to satiety; to stuff. · To put hastily through an extensive course of memorizing or study, as in preparation for an examination. · To study hard; to swot.
From Middle English crammen, from Old English crammian (“to cram; stuff”), from Proto-West Germanic *krammōn, from Proto-Germanic *krammōną, a secondary verb derived from *krimmaną (“to stuff”), from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to assemble; collect; gather”). Compare Old English crimman (“to cram; stuff; insert; press; bruise”), Icelandic kremja (“to squeeze; crush; bruise”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 5 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "crammen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English crammen"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "crammian",
"4": "",
"5": "to cram; stuff"
},
"expansion": "Old English crammian (“to cram; stuff”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krammōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krammōn"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krammōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krammōną"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ger-",
"4": "",
"5": "to assemble; collect; gather"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to assemble; collect; gather”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "crimman",
"3": "",
"4": "to cram; stuff; insert; press; bruise"
},
"expansion": "Old English crimman (“to cram; stuff; insert; press; bruise”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kremja",
"3": "",
"4": "to squeeze; crush; bruise"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kremja (“to squeeze; crush; bruise”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"crammen",
"crammen#Middle_English"
],
[
"crammian",
"crammian#Old_English"
],
[
"*krammōn",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/krammōn"
],
[
"*krammōną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krammōną"
],
[
"*krimmaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krimmaną"
],
[
"*ger-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ger-"
],
[
"crimman",
"crimman#Old_English"
],
[
"kremja",
"kremja#Icelandic"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"The act of cramming (forcing or stuffing something).",
"Information hastily memorized.",
"A warp having more than two threads passing through each dent or split of the reed.",
"A lie; a falsehood."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
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"dated",
"slang",
"British"
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},
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To press, force, or drive, particularly in filling, or in thrusting one thing into another; to stuff; to fill to superfluity.",
"To fill with food to satiety; to stuff.",
"To put hastily through an extensive course of memorizing or study, as in preparation for an examination.",
"To study hard; to swot."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"intransitive"
],
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}
],
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"descendants": 0,
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"lexicalSenses": 5,
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}
}