*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of clove

From Middle English clove, an alteration of earlier clowe, borrowed from the first component of Old French clou (de girofle) (modern French clou de girofle), from Latin clāvus (“nail”) for its shape. Also see clāva (“kno

3 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 3 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
noun

A very pungent aromatic spice, the unexpanded flower bud of the clove tree. · A clove tree, of the species Syzygium aromaticum (syn. Caryophyllus aromaticus), native to the Moluccas (Indonesian islands), which produces the spice. · An old English measure of weight, containing 7 pounds (3.2 kg), i.e. half a stone.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English clove, an alteration of earlier clowe, borrowed from the first component of Old French clou (de girofle) (modern French clou de girofle), from Latin clāvus (“nail”) for its shape. Also see clāva (“knotty branch, club”). Doublet of clou and clavus.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "clove"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English clove"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "clou (de girofle)"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French clou (de girofle)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "clou de girofle"
      },
      "expansion": "French clou de girofle"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "clāvus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nail"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin clāvus (“nail”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "clou",
        "3": "clavus"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of clou and clavus"
    },
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "clove",
      "clove#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "clowe",
      "clowe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "clou",
      "clou#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "girofle",
      "girofle#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "clou de girofle",
      "clou de girofle#French"
    ],
    [
      "clāvus",
      "clavus#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "clāva",
      "clava#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "clou",
      "clou#English"
    ],
    [
      "clavus",
      "clavus#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A very pungent aromatic spice, the unexpanded flower bud of the clove tree.",
        "A clove tree, of the species Syzygium aromaticum (syn. Caryophyllus aromaticus), native to the Moluccas (Indonesian islands), which produces the spice.",
        "An old English measure of weight, containing 7 pounds (3.2 kg), i.e. half a stone."
      ],
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        "countable",
        "uncountable"
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}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

One of the small bulbs that make up the large, compound bulb in garlic, shallots, or similar plants. · A segment or natural division of a fruit.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English clove, from Old English clufu, from Proto-West Germanic *klubu, from Proto-Germanic *klubō, related to clēofan (“to cleave, split”), hence with the verbal etymology hereafter.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*glewbʰ-ine-pro
  • Inherited-form mentioncloveenm
  • Inherited-form mentionclufuang
  • Inherited-form mention*klubugmw-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*klubōgem-pro
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*glewbʰ-"
      },
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    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "clove"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English clove"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "clufu"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English clufu"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*klubu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klubu"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*klubō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klubō"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "clove",
      "clove#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "clufu",
      "clufu#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*klubu",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/klubu"
    ],
    [
      "*klubō",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/klubō"
    ],
    [
      "clēofan",
      "cleofan#Old_English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "One of the small bulbs that make up the large, compound bulb in garlic, shallots, or similar plants.",
        "A segment or natural division of a fruit."
      ],
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        "archaic"
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Source etymology 4

Original entry ↗
noun

A narrow valley with steep sides.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Borrowed from Dutch klove (now kloof). Doublet of kloof.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Borrowed-form mentionklovenl
  • Doublet mentionkloofen
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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      "name": "ety",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "nl:klove",
        "id": "valley"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Dutch\", \"term\" : \"klove\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"nl\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"clove\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"valley\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"clove\" id=\"English:_valley\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "bor",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "nl",
        "3": "klove"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch klove"
    },
    {
      "name": "sup",
      "args": {
        "1": "5"
      },
      "expansion": "⁵"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "kloof"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of kloof"
    },
    {
      "name": "ety",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "nl:klove",
        "id": "valley"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "klove",
      "klove#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "kloof",
      "kloof#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "kloof",
      "kloof#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A narrow valley with steep sides."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Northeastern",
        "US"
      ],
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}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for clove →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-Y2xvdmU