Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗To cut into pieces with short, vigorous cutting motions. · To sever with an axe or similar implement. · To separate or divide. · to give a downward cutting blow or movement, typically with the side of the hand.
From Middle English choppen, chappen (“to chop”), of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic (cf. Swedish tjoff), or a variant of chap (“to become cracked”). Cognate with Scots chap (“to chop”). Compare also Saterland Frisian kappe, kapje (“to hack; chop; lop off”), Dutch kappen (“to chop, cut, hew”), German Low German kappen (“to cut off; clip”), German kappen (“to cut; clip”), German dialectal chapfen, kchapfen (“to chop into small pieces”), Albanian copë (“piece, chunk”), Old English *ċippian (in forċippian (“to cut off”)). Perhaps related to chip. Compare French couper (“to chop”), Ancient Greek κόπτω (kóptō, “to strike, cut”), Swedish and Norwegian kapa, kappa, kabba (“to chop/cut (off)”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionchoppenenm
- Non-cognate comparisontjoffsv
- Cognate mentionchapsco · to chop
- Cognate mentionkappestq
- Cognate mentionkappennl · to chop, cut, hew
- Cognate mentionkappende · to cut; clip
- Cognate mentioncopësq · piece, chunk
- Cognate mention*ċippianang
- Non-cognate comparisoncouperfr
- Non-cognate comparisonκόπτωgrc
This page abbreviates 9 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
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"name": "inh",
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"3": "choppen"
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"expansion": "Middle English choppen"
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"t": "to chop, cut, hew"
},
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},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
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"2": "kappen",
"t": "to cut off; clip"
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"expansion": "German Low German kappen (“to cut off; clip”)"
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{
"name": "cog",
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"2": "kappen",
"t": "to cut; clip"
},
"expansion": "German kappen (“to cut; clip”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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"t": "piece, chunk"
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"2": "κόπτω",
"3": "",
"4": "to strike, cut"
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"expansion": "Swedish and Norwegian kapa"
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"kappen",
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[
"kchapfen",
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"copë",
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[
"*ċippian",
"Reconstruction:Old English/cippian"
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"forċippian",
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"couper",
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"kabba",
"kabba#Swedish"
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{
"pos": "verb",
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"To cut into pieces with short, vigorous cutting motions.",
"To sever with an axe or similar implement.",
"To separate or divide.",
"to give a downward cutting blow or movement, typically with the side of the hand."
],
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